Heavy oil catalytic cracking method and heavy oil catalytic cracking equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a heavy oil catalytic cracking method and belongs to the technical field of petrochemical engineering, and the heavy oil catalytic cracking method is used for solving the coking problem of a heavy oil catalytic cracking riser and a settler as well as reducing the coke generating ratio of the device, improving the product yield and improving the product quality. The method comprises the following steps: feeding a catalyst; feeding heavy raw material oil; vaporizing the raw material oil; carrying out gas-solid contact; carrying out a catalytic cracking reaction; and carrying out a gas-solid separation process. The method is characterized by improving the catalyst / oil ratio, the mixing temperature of a feeding section, the catalyst activity in the catalytic cracking process and the vaporization rate of the fed heavy oil by virtue of heat taking in the middle of a riser reactor. The method has the advantages of improving the catalyst activity in the catalytic cracking process as well as the vaporization rate of the fed heavy oil, reducing the non-vaporized oil, preventing the riser and the settler from coking, reducing the coke yield, improving the product yield and improving the product quality. The invention further provides a combined distributor and middle heat taking equipment of the riser for realizing the method. The invention relates to a catalytic cracking device for processing heavy oil.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petrochemical industry, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for catalytic cracking of heavy oil. Background technique [0002] The catalytic cracking process is a gas-solid catalytic cracking reaction of heavy oil on the catalyst to produce light oil. The liquid heavy feedstock oil in the catalytic cracking industrial unit is atomized and enters the bottom of the riser reactor. It first vaporizes the heavy feedstock oil when it comes in contact with the high-temperature regenerant, and then the gas-solid catalytic cracking reaction occurs. The reaction product oil gas and the spent catalyst It flows out from the outlet of the riser reactor, and the gas-solid separation reaction product oil and gas exit the reactor, and the spent catalyst is regenerated. Since catalytic cracking is an endothermic reaction and coke is produced, the temperature and catalyst activity in the riser reactor gradually ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Recently, some heavy oil catalytic cracking units have adopted regenerated agent cooling technology. After the application of this technology, the circulation of catalyst increases, and the increase of agent-oil ratio is beneficial to improve the activity of catalyst in the catalytic cracking reaction process. However, when the outlet temperature of the riser reactor remains unchanged, the bottom mixing The further decrease in temperature will further increase the unvaporized oil, resulting in an increase in coke formation rate

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