Method for producing hydrogen by hydroboron and portable hydrogen generator

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable hydrogen generator and a method for producing hydrogen by hydroboron, which has high hydrogen producing speed and high safety. The method is characterized in that the hydrogen producing hydroboron is a mixture formed by mixing the hydrogen producing hydroboron with boron and oxygen compounds according to the B atom molar ratio of 1:(4-0.5); and the hydrogen generator is provided with an air bag and / or a mechanical stirring device which is driven by utilizing pressure change under the hydrogen producing mixture in a hydrogen producing mixture storing seal container. The invention overcomes the defects of hydrolysis hydrogen preparation by a hydroboron caustic alkali solution and hydrogen preparation by using catalyst and has high hydrogen producing speed by reaction with water and can finish the reaction in 3-10 seconds; and the hydrogen producing mixture is safe and stable at normal temperature and normal pressure without automatically discharging hydrogen, therefore, the hydrogen producing mixture can be stored for a long time. The portable hydrogen generator has the advantages of simple equipment and convenient carrying and use; and because the stirring or creeping device is arranged under the position for storing the reaction hydrogen producing mixture, the portable hydrogen generator has high safety and is more beneficial to complete and thorough reaction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen from borohydride with high hydrogen production speed and high safety and a portable hydrogen generator. Background technique [0002] Hydrogen is used as a clean energy source. For example, hydrogen can react with oxygen in a fuel cell to generate electricity and water. The energy conversion rate of fuel cells can reach 60-80%, which is much higher than the current best internal combustion engine (40%). Hydrogen As a new type of energy, it has received great attention. However, the critical temperature of hydrogen is low (32.79K), it is difficult to liquefy, and the density of liquefied hydrogen is also very low (0.07kg / l), so hydrogen is difficult to store and transport, and various hydrogen storage materials need to be used to store it. [0003] Common hydrogen storage methods include metal hydrogen storage and compound hydrogen storage, which have strong hydrogen storage capacity. For exampl...

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Problems solved by technology

However, its disadvantages are: the hydrogen production rate of the hydrolysis reaction is greatly affected by temperature and pH. At room temperature and pure water, the half-life of the reaction is several hours, and the self-release hydrogen rate of hydrolysis is very slow, which is difficult to meet the requirements of instantaneous and large-scale use; , pure NaBH 4 The reaction of the aqueous solution cannot be controlled, so that when hydrogen is needed, the reaction speed is too slow, and when the hydrogen is not used, the system will release hydrogen naturally, and the pure aqueous solution cannot be stored for a long time, so it lacks practical application value

However, its disadvantage is: the hydrate NaBO with high concentration of boron-containing compounds generated by the reaction 2 It will precipitate, agglomerate, attach to the surface of the catalyst, deactivate the catalyst, and block the equipment; the rate of hydrogen production is proportional to the amount of catalyst used, and the high rate of hydrogen production requires a large amount of catalyst, which increases the cost of hydrogen production; using the catalyst at the same time requires a lot Control components (such as pumps, flow, circulation, etc.), coupled with high-concentration NaOH are highly corrosive and poor in safety, resulting in relatively complex hydrogen production equipment and difficulty in miniaturization, so it is difficult to use small hydrogen production equipment to drive large hydrogen fuel cells; Furthermore, although it has a longer half-life, it will still slowly release hydrogen production, and long-term storage will cause excessive pressure in the container, posing a safety hazard, so the aqueous solution cannot be stored for a long time; the catalyst needs special preparation, and the cost is high, resulting in hydrogen production. Higher cost of use

in NaBH 4 - In the water-NaOH and catalyst system, the catalyst will be replaced by NaBO 2 Surrounded by crystals, deactivating the catalyst; in NaBH 4 / In the reaction system of adding water to solid activator, if the solid product generated during the hydrogen production process is not broken, it will form a large agglomerate, which will prevent the contact between water and reactants, and stop the reaction. In this way, only enough water can be added. The reaction can only be continued after the agglomeration is dissolved; however, too much water suddenly contacts the reactant, causing the reaction speed to be too fast, and there is a danger of explosion

For this reason, more safety protection devices must be adopted, and it is difficult to make the hydrogen production equipment miniaturized and safe.

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