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Genes for enhancing nitrogen utilization efficiency in crop plants

a technology of crop plants and genes, applied in the field of molecular biology, can solve the problems of reducing the environmental impact of nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing and agricultural use, reducing the use and dependence of on-farm input costs, and reducing the level or activity of nue polypeptides in plants, so as to reduce the level and/or activity of nue polypeptides, and reduce the level of nue polypeptides. level or elimination

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-09-15
PIONEER HI BRED INT INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides polynucleotides, related polypeptides, and methods for altering the genetic makeup of crop plants, particularly maize, to enhance nitrogen use efficiency. The invention uses a highly selected set of maize plants that have been shown to differ in aspects of nitrogen utilization. The invention aims to improve crop plants' ability to use nitrogen more effectively with reduced fertilizer input and impact on the environment. The invention provides a unique opportunity to enhance crop plants' nitrogen use efficiency and reduce fertilizer input.

Problems solved by technology

Nitrogen utilization improvement also allows decreases in on-farm input costs, decreased use and dependence on the non-renewable energy sources required for nitrogen fertilizer production, and decreases the environmental impact of nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing and agricultural use.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Isolation of NUE Sequences

[0198]A routine for identifying all members of a gene family can be employed to search for the enhanced nitrogen utilization efficiency genes of interest. A diverse set of all the known members of the gene family as protein sequences would be prepared. This data includes sequences from other species. These species are then searched against a proprietary maize sequence dataset and a nonredundant set of overlapping hits is identified. Separately, one takes the nucleotide sequences of any genes of interest in hand and searches against the database and a nonredundant set of all overlapping hits are retrieved. The set of protein hits are then compared to the nucleotide hits. If the gene family is complete, all of the protein hits are contained within the nucleotide hits.

example 2

Categorization of NUE by Function

[0199]

TABLE 1SEQ ID NOS:Gene DescriptionFunctional GroupingNA / AAZinc finger transcription factorTranscription Factor1 / 2MADS-domain transcription factorTranscription Factor3 / 4Myb-related transcription factorTranscription Factor5 / 6MADS-domain transcription factorTranscription Factor7 / 8Protein kinaseSignal Transduction 9 / 10Nitric Oxidase SynthaseSignal Transduction11 / 12Ferredoxin-NADP+ reductaseNitrogen-Carbon Assimilation13 / 14Ferredoxin-nitrate reductaseNitrogen-Carbon Assimilation15 / 16B-type cyclinMiscellaneous or unknown function17 / 18RING-H2 finger proteinSignal Transduction19 / 20Ferredoxin-nitrate reductaseNitrogen-Carbon Assimilation21 / 22Glycine decarboxylase complex H-proteinAmino acid metabolism23 / 24Unknown or Hypothetical (Conserved) ProteinMiscellaneous or unknown function25 / 26TransketolaseMetabolic Enzyme27 / 28FerredoxinNitrogen-Carbon Assimilation29 / 30HydrolaseMetabolic Enzyme31 / 32Unknown or Hypothetical (Conserved) ProteinMiscellaneous or unkn...

example 3

Expression Patterns in Maize using MPSS

[0200]MPSS stands for Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing, a technique invented and commercialized by Lynx Therapeutics, Inc. of Hayward, Calif. MPSS and related technologies have been described in publications by Brenner, et al., (Nature Biotechnol. (2000) 18:630-634, and PNAS (2000) 97:1665-1670). Like SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression), MPSS produces short sequence signatures produced from a defined position within an mRNA, and the relative abundance of these signatures in a given library represents a quantitative estimate of expression of that gene. The MPSS signatures are 17 bp in length, and can uniquely identify >95% of all genes in Arabidopsis.

[0201]The NUE sequences were matched to MPSS data, and matching tags (GATC-17mers) were curated. Ideally, the correct tag for a gene is in the plus strand proximal to but just up from the poly A tail, and it is gene specific. Where more than one tag matches a gene, one will usually choo...

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Abstract

The invention provides isolated NUE (nitrogen utilization efficiency) nucleic acids and their encoded proteins. The present invention provides methods and compositions relating to altering nitrogen utilization and / or uptake in plants. The invention further provides recombinant expression cassettes, host cells, and transgenic plants.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE[0001]This utility application claims the benefit U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 771,906, filed Feb. 9, 2006, which is incorporated herein by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The invention relates generally to the field of molecular biology.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]The domestication of many plants has correlated with dramatic increases in yield. Most phenotypic variation occurring in natural populations is continuous and is effected by multiple gene influences. The identification of specific genes responsible for the dramatic differences in yield, in domesticated plants, has become an important focus of agricultural research.[0004]One group of genes effecting yield are the nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) genes. These genes have utility for improving the use of nitrogen in crop plants, especially maize. The genes can be used to alter the genetic composition of the plants rendering them more productive with current fertilizer application standard...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01H1/00C07H21/04C07K14/415C12N15/00
CPCC07K14/415C12N15/8218C12N15/8243C12N15/8261Y02A40/146
Inventor HERSHEY, HOWARD P.SIMMONS, CARL R.LOUSSAERT, DALE
Owner PIONEER HI BRED INT INC
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