Ternary fuel compositions containing biodiesel, plant oil and lower alcohols for feeding diesel-cycle motors

Abstract

Fuel compositions based on biodiesel, lower alcohols and plant oil for feeding Diesel cycle engines, enabling more perfect burning, less emission of pollutants and less formation of internal deposits of impurities onto the inner surface of engines. Since the blends exhibit density similar to that of diesel oil, as well as chemical affinity for the latter (since it contains biodiesel, which performs the function of co-solvent), the present invention also relates to compositions of quaternary blends, that is, junction of the ternary blends proposed (biodiesel, lower alcohol and vegetable oil) with petroleum diesel in the most varied proportions. The preferred embodiment of this invention provides the replacement of fuel of non-renewable source (diesel oil) by others of renewable source, which are natural, non-toxic, biodegradable and that have excellent technical performance.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to the technology that deals with fuel compositions based on biodiesel, alcohol like anhydrous alcohol, and vegetable oil, to be applied to Diesel cycle engines. Moreover, these compositions are technologically superior to Diesel oil, since they promote more perfect burning, less emission of pollutants and less formation of impurities deposits on the internal components of engines. Alternatively, the invention also deals with compositions as described above, associated to petrodiesel, in different proportions.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Biodiesel, a traditional substitute for diesel oil, since it has cetane number and viscosity suitable for use on Diesel cycle engines, is a very expensive product, because, besides the high price of raw material (vegetable oil), there is cost aggregation on the order of 25% in the processing phase.[0003]On the other hand, cheaper fuels like “in natura” vegetable oils, and chiefly ethanol,...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent text describes a fuel composition made up of biodiesel, alcohol, and vegetable oil that has several benefits. First, it reduces the delay in ignition, resulting in faster acceleration and higher thermal efficiency. Second, it decreases the viscosity of the fuel, which makes it easier to pulverize and reduces the formation of harmful substances in the pump and engine. Lastly, it lowers the temperature at which the fuel crystallizes, which minimizes start-up issues in low-temperature environments.

Problems solved by technology

Biodiesel, a traditional substitute for diesel oil, since it has cetane number and viscosity suitable for use on Diesel cycle engines, is a very expensive product, because, besides the high price of raw material (vegetable oil), there is cost aggregation on the order of 25% in the processing phase.

On the other hand, cheaper fuels like “in natura” vegetable oils, and chiefly ethanol, exhibit technical problems when used on Diesel cycle engines.

Vegetable oils, in spite of having cetane number compatible with compression ignition engines, have too high viscosity, which leads to the formation of carbon and sludge deposits on the engines, when they are used.

On the other hand, ethanol has too low viscosity and cetane number, which does not meet the requirements for a good fuel for Diesel cycle.

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