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Anti-leishmanial activity of betel leaf extract

a technology of betel leaf extract and anti-leishmania, which is applied in the direction of biocide, plant ingredients, enzymes, etc., can solve the problems of serious toxic side effects, line drugs, pentamidine and amphotericin b, although used clinically, and chemotherapy treatment has seen very little progress in recent years, so as to reduce the viability of promastigote, and reduce the viability of l

Inactive Publication Date: 2002-07-25
COUCIL OF SCI & IND RES INDIAN REGISTERD BODY INC UNDER THE REGISTRATION SOCIES ACT ACT XXI OF 1860
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0016] In yet another embodiment, the betel leaf extracts reduce the viability of L. donovani promastigotes in vitro by 57 to 79% and reduce splenic and liver parasite load by 93 to 95%.
[0025] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the betel leaf extracts reduce the viability of L. donovani promastigotes in vitro by 57 to 79% and reduce splenic and liver parasite load by 93 to 95%.
[0034] Extract prepared from wild type, Bangla type, and sweet type betel leaves are almost equally effective in reducing the viability of L. donovani promastigotes in a dose dependent manner (Table 1). Extracts from wild type betel leaf at a final concentration of 12-mg / ml reduce the viability of L. donovani promastigotes by 79%. On the other hand, extract from Bangla type or sweet type betel leaf at the same concentration i.e. 12 mg / ml reduces promastigote viability by 57.5% and 68.9% respectively. Thus, wild type betel leaf extract appears to have slightly more anti leishmanial activity than other type of betel leaf extract.

Problems solved by technology

The visceral form of leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, is caused by the parasite Leishmania donovani and is often fatal.
Despite tremendous progress made in understanding the biochemistry and molecular biology of Leishmania species, treatment by chemotherapy has seen very little progress in recent years.
The second line drugs, pentamidine and amphotericin B, although used clinically, have serious toxic side effects.

Method used

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  • Anti-leishmanial activity of betel leaf extract

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0037] 34.14 gm of fresh leaves of Piper betle thoroughly washed in sterile water was homogenized with 100 ml of glass distilled water in a mixture-blender. It was then sonicated in an ultrasonic bath with 3 burst each for 15 min. The extract was filtered through Whatman No.1 filter paper and the filtrate was collected. This process of extraction was repeated three times. The combined extract was lyophilized yielding a semi-solid mass weighing 1.17 gm. This was then tested for biological activity.

example 2

[0038] The fresh leaves of Piper betle weighing 21.68 gm homogenized with distilled water (60 ml) in a mixture--blender and then sonicated in an ultrasonic bath with 2 burst each for 15 min. It was allowed to be extracted overnight or 16 hours. Filtering through Whatman No.1 filter paper separated the material extracted in water. This type of treatment for extraction was repeated for three times. The combined extract was evaporated to dryness in a flash evaporator under reduced pressure at 45.degree. C. The residual substance was then dried in a desiccator under high vacuum and the semi-solid mass weighing 0.59 gm was tested for biological activity.

[0039] Properties of the materials:

[0040] The biologically active material obtained by examples 1 and 2 has the following properties:

[0041] i. The dried semisolid prepared as stated above was a dark colored material soluble in water and dimethyl sulfoxide.

[0042] ii. Thin layer chromatography of the active material shows five spots having ...

example 3

[0044] Parasite: L. donovani strain AG83 was originally obtained from an Indian Kala-azar Patient (Ghosh, A. K., Bhattacharaya, F. K. & Ghosh, D. K. 1985. Leishmania donovani: amastigote inhibition and mode of action of berberine. Experimental Parasitology, 60: 404-13) and maintained in golden hamsters. Amastigotes were isolated from spleens of L. donovani infected golden hamsters as described (Jaffe, C. L., Grimaldi, G. & Mcmohan--Pratt, D. 1984. In genes and Antigens of parasite: A Laboratory manual, 2.sup.nd ed.sub.n [moral, C. M., Ed.], P.47, Rio de Janiero). The spleen was rinsed in ice cold PBS--glucose (55mm) / EDTA (2mm), then lightly homogenized, macroscopic particles were allowed to settle, and the turbid suspension was decanted. This suspension was centrifuged at 100 g for 10 min at 4.degree. C. The amastigote--enriched suspension was centrifuged at 800 g for 10 min. The pellet was suspended in 45% per coil (8.0 ml), and finally 25% per coll (4.0 ml) was layered over the am...

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Abstract

This invention relates to method of treating visceral leishmaniasis or kala-azar by administering effective amount of betel leaf extract or lyophilized extract together with or associated with an additive and a composition comprising betel leaf extract with a pharmaceutically acceptable additive.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to the treatment of leishmaniasis in animals including human beings, preferably, the extract of betel leaf is used for the treatment of leishmaniasis in human beings. Chemotherapy for visceral leishmaniasis has seen little progress in recent years. Antileishmanicidal activity of betel leaf extracts suggests its potential use to treat human visceral leishmaniasis.BACKGROUND OF PRIOR ART REFERENCES[0002] Leishmaniasis commonly known as kala-azar as known in India is a global health problem. Infection by various species and strains of Leishmania causes a wide spectrum of disease in humans, with many different clinical presentations. The severity of the disease is largely dictated by the immunological status of the infected individual and by the species of Leishmania involved. Approximately 350 million people in 80 countries are estimated to be threatened by the disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 12 million cases of leishmaniasis worldwi...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A61KA61K36/00A61K36/67A61PA61P33/02C12N9/02
CPCA61K36/67C12N9/0071A61P33/02Y02A50/30
Inventor BANDYOPADHYAY, SANTUPAL, BIKASHBHATTACHARYA, SAMIRRAY, MITALIROY, KESHAB CHANDRA
Owner COUCIL OF SCI & IND RES INDIAN REGISTERD BODY INC UNDER THE REGISTRATION SOCIES ACT ACT XXI OF 1860
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