Membrane electrode of gradient proton exchange membrane fuel cell as well as preparation method and application of membrane electrode

Abstract

The invention provides a gradient proton exchange membrane fuel cell membrane electrode as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The gradient proton exchange membrane fuel cell membrane electrode comprises a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, the cathode catalyst layer comprises a first catalyst layer, a second catalyst layer and a third catalyst layer, and the slurry of the third catalyst layer contains a carbon nanomaterial; the anode catalyst layer comprises a first catalyst layer and a second catalyst layer. According to the gradient proton exchange membrane fuel cell membrane electrode, gradient design is carried out on the catalyst layers, the mass fraction of platinum, the mass fraction of ionomer and the EW value in the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer are distributed in a segmented mode, the utilization rate of platinum is increased, the content of platinum is reduced, the electrode is suitable for low-humidity and high-current-density working conditions, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a gradient proton exchange membrane fuel cell membrane electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered as ideal power sources for electric vehicles due to their high power density and energy conversion efficiency, ability to start at low temperatures, and environmental friendliness. However, in order to be commercialized, it is first necessary to solve the problems of cost and performance. The core component of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a membrane electrode, which is mainly composed of a gas diffusion layer, a proton exchange membrane, and a catalytic layer. Among them, in the catalytic layer, reducing the amount of platinum and improving the utilization rate of the platinum catalyst are crucial to reducing the cost of the fuel cell. The catalyst in the catal...

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the porous material structure, the membrane electrode prepared by it has a large interface effect, and the distribution of gas in the catalytic layer is not uniform. The uniform distribution of platinum catalyst will cause waste of catalyst in the catalytic layer and reduce the utilization of platinum catalyst. Rate

[0005] The above schemes all have problems such as low platinum catalytic efficiency, poor utilization rate, high preparation cost, or uneven gas distribution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a proton exchange membrane fuel cell membrane electrode with high platinum catalytic efficiency and low cost.

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