Oil-water separation and recovery device, floating oil separation method and application

Abstract

The invention relates to an oil-water separation and recovery device and a floating oil separation method, which are suitable for separation and recovery of oil on static and fluctuating water surfaces. The oil-water separation and recovery device consists of a separation and collection container, a balance floating body and a wave maker, wherein the separation and collection container consists of an upper barrel, a lower barrel and a metal wire mesh for connecting the upper barrel and the lower barrel; the metal wire mesh subjected to micro-nano modification has oleophylic and hydrophobic characteristics, and floating oil is separated from the water surface and is gathered to the collection container; and the balance floating body is used for adjusting the draft of the separation and collection container and improving the stability of the separation and collection container under a wind wave condition. Under a static water surface condition, the oil-water separation and recovery device needs to be matched with the wave maker for use, and the wave maker generates artificial fluctuation to displace a water ring around the separation and collection container, so that complete separation of the floating oil is realized. Under a fluctuating water surface condition, natural waves can drive the floating oil to be continuously gathered to the separation and collection container, so that the recovery efficiency is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of energy and environmental protection, and in particular relates to an oil-water separation and recovery device, a floating oil separation method and applications thereof. Background technique [0002] As countries around the world rely more and more on oil, there are frequent reports of oil spills at sea. In May 2010, a serious oil spill occurred in the Gulf of Mexico, causing at least 4.9 million barrels of crude oil to flow into the sea, causing a direct economic loss of nearly 400 million US dollars; and the oil slick on the water surface greatly threatened the marine ecological environment, and the body tissues of dead sea turtles during the oil spill According to the anatomical analysis conducted by the National Institutes of Health, 61% of sea turtles have petroleum aromatic hydrocarbons in their digestive tracts, and toxins such as heavy metals appear in the blood and endocrine system of workers who clean up ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In May 2010, a serious oil spill occurred in the Gulf of Mexico, causing at least 4.9 million barrels of crude oil to flow into the sea, causing a direct economic loss of nearly 400 million US dollars; and the oil slick on the water surface greatly threatened the marine ecological environment, and the body tissues of dead sea turtles during the oil spill According to the anatomical analysis conducted by the National Institutes of Health, 61% of sea turtles have petroleum aromatic hydrocarbons in their digestive tracts, and toxins such as heavy metals appear in the blood and endocrine system of workers who clean up oil slicks on the sea surface, which will lead to an exponential increase in their chances of developing cancer

[0004] In addition, such as prior art, such as Chinese patents CN201010554373, CN201310160287, CN201410023962, CN201520629674, etc. disclose an oil-water separation device utilizing super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic materials, but after working in water for a long time, a "water ring" is formed around the device, and oil floats on the water surface. Unable to contact with super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic materials, affecting the separation efficiency of the oil-water separation device

At the same time, the oil-water separation of researchers using special wettable surfaces is mostly limited to the experimental stage, and can only be carried out on small-scale still water surfaces, and cannot be extended to large-area waters for oil slick collection.

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