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Method for cultivating and preparing soil under condition that corn straw fully covers ground surface

A corn stalk and stalk technology is applied in the field of tillage and land preparation under the condition that the corn stalk is fully covered on the surface, which can solve the problems of increased soil organic matter content, poor seeder passability, slow ground temperature increase, etc., so as to prolong the growth period of crops and reduce soil wind erosion. , The effect of preventing soil wind erosion

Active Publication Date: 2020-12-15
JILIN ACAD OF AGRI MACHINERY +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the deep loose tillage method breaks the bottom of the plow, the soil is loose and not turned over, but the full amount of straw covers the surface, the ground temperature rises slowly, and a large amount of organic matter accumulates on the surface after the straw is returned to the field, and the organic matter content of the plowed layer soil increases only limited
In addition, under the condition of full coverage of straw, the passability of the planter is poor, and the straw is easy to be dragged and stacked. In some areas, the straw has been returned to the row, but there are too many straws in some areas, which are not easy to decompose, which will affect the sowing of the next year.

Method used

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  • Method for cultivating and preparing soil under condition that corn straw fully covers ground surface
  • Method for cultivating and preparing soil under condition that corn straw fully covers ground surface
  • Method for cultivating and preparing soil under condition that corn straw fully covers ground surface

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0037] Example 1, a plowing and land preparation method under the condition of full coverage of corn stalks on the surface, which is realized by time-sharing and segmented operation, that is, the cultivated land covered by a full amount of corn stalks is directly cultivated after the corn is machine-harvested in the autumn of the first year, and the cultivated land covered by the full amount of straw is directly plowed in the spring of the second year. Before sowing, carry out full-scale soil preparation again on the plow layer within the sowing depth range, and change the straw distribution again to build a composite seedbed to reach the state of waiting for flat sowing.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the autumn of the first year, relevant plowing equipment is used to cut off the straw, mix it with the soil, and cover the straw and bury it and return it to the field.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the first ...

Embodiment 2

[0047] Location: Innovation Family Farm, Kai'an Town, Nong'an County, Changchun City, Jilin Province.

[0048] Implementation conditions: Case 2104 wheeled tractor, special combined soil preparation machine, special seed bed finishing machine.

[0049] Implementation area: 180 mu.

[0050] Operation process:

[0051] On October 15, 2019 (after harvesting), the self-developed special combined soil preparation machine was used to directly work on the cultivated land covered with corn stalks. Below the surface, the soil in the plow layer within 15cm was completely disturbed, and the soil strips of 15-25cm Flip to form a strip area, the width of the strip area is 12cm, and the distance between adjacent strips is 45cm.

[0052] After the autumn operation is completed, the measured technical indicators are as follows: the surface straw coverage is 162.89g / m 2 , accounting for 14.8% of the total amount of straw, and the surface straw coverage rate is 57%; below the surface, the amou...

Embodiment 3

[0055] Location: Hongfa Modern Ecological Farm, Dunhua City.

[0056] Implementation conditions: John Deere 8R-8270R wheeled tractor, special combined soil preparation machine, special seed bed finishing machine.

[0057] Implementation area: 87 mu.

[0058] Operation process:

[0059] On October 30, 2019 (after machine harvesting), the self-developed special combined soil preparation machine was used to directly work on the cultivated land covered with full corn straw. Flip to form a strip area, the width of the strip area is 8cm, and the distance between adjacent strips is 33cm.

[0060] After the autumn operation is completed, the measured technical indicators are as follows: the surface straw coverage is 157.5g / m 2 , accounting for 11.3% of the total amount of straw, and the surface straw coverage rate is 63%; below the surface, the amount of straw mixed into the plow layer within 18cm is 981.4g / m 2 , accounting for 70.4% of the total amount of straw; the remaining str...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating and preparing soil under the condition that corn straw fully covers the ground surface, which comprises the following steps of: performing time-phased layered operation, namely directly cultivating and preparing a farming layer and a plow pan in autumn of the first year, and changing the distribution state of the straw; and in the spring of the second year, preparing the farming layer within the sowing depth range again before sowing to construct a composite seedbed. The method for cultivating and preparing the soil under the condition that the corn straw fully covers the ground surface is beneficial to water retention and moisture conservation of the soil, the seedbed temperature isincreased, and the crop growth period is prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of corn protective tillage methods, in particular to a plowing method for returning all corn stalks to the field, which belongs to crop farming methods. Background technique [0002] There are three main methods of plowing and land preparation in Northeast my country: the first is plowing method, the second is stubble removal rotary tillage method, and the third is subsoiling tillage method. In the first two tillage methods, the water loss of the soil without effective straw mulching is serious, which is easy to aggravate the drought, and it is easy to form a hard plow bottom at about 20 cm below the ground surface, which makes the soil permeability worse and is not conducive to the growth and development of crops. In addition, the ground surface after operation is completely bare, which is easy to aggravate the wind and water erosion of the soil. The stubble removal rotary tillage method cannot be directly...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01B79/00
CPCA01B79/00
Inventor 李明森范旭辉李光刘鸿雁张冲侯锡彬庞玉艳王华泽赵春凯于新雨于英林郑金玉罗洋
Owner JILIN ACAD OF AGRI MACHINERY
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