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Amorphous hollow carbon nanotube and preparation method thereof

A carbon nanotube and amorphous technology, which is applied in the field of amorphous hollow carbon nanotubes and its preparation, can solve the problems of poor battery cycle performance, safety hazards, volume changes, etc., and achieve simple manufacturing process, strong mechanical stability, and inhibition The effect of volume change

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-02-21
XIAMEN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an amorphous hollow carbon nanotube and its preparation method in order to overcome the problems of dendrite growth in existing lithium-ion batteries, potential safety hazards caused by volume changes during charging and discharging, and poor battery cycle performance

Method used

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  • Amorphous hollow carbon nanotube and preparation method thereof
  • Amorphous hollow carbon nanotube and preparation method thereof
  • Amorphous hollow carbon nanotube and preparation method thereof

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0061] Amorphous hollow carbon nanotubes are prepared, and gold is used as an example to support particles. The experimental process is as follows: figure 1 As shown, using ZnO nanorods as templates, gold nanoparticles can be supported on them after further amino functionalization. On the basis of the above, the zinc oxide nanorods loaded with gold nanoparticles on the outer wall are coated with carbon. The carbonization process can convert the coating layer into amorphous carbon. After further etching the template, the target product can be obtained: hollow, inner wall Carbon tubes loaded with gold nanoparticles. Specific steps are as follows:

[0062] 1) Preparation of ZnO template: Dissolve 1g NaOH in 50mL ethanol to make solution A, dissolve 0.46g zinc acetate in 25mL ethanol to make solution B, add solution A to solution B, stir and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, then introduce the resulting solution into 100mL reaction In a kettle, conduct a hydrothermal reaction at 150...

Embodiment 2

[0073] Nanoparticle-induced lithium metal achieves reversible and stable encapsulation in the inner cavity of amorphous carbon tubes. The whole deposition process can be divided into three steps: (1) lithiation: lithium ions move in one direction along the wall of the amorphous carbon tube under the action of an applied voltage, and fill in the pores and defects of the carbon tube; (2) Nanoparticle guidance: When lithium ions arrive at the site with nanoparticles, the nanoparticles are lithiated; (3) Lithium metal deposition: Lithium ions preferentially reach the surface of the lithiated nanoparticles and deposit stably in the inner cavity of the carbon tube.

[0074] The process of metal lithium deposition and stripping was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the results are shown in image 3 . image 3 It is a process of in-situ deposition and exfoliation of lithium metal in carbon tubes loaded with gold particles. (a) and (c) are the first and second real-ti...

Embodiment 3

[0090] Nanoparticles induce Na metal to achieve reversible and stable encapsulation in the inner cavity of amorphous carbon tubes. The entire deposition process can be divided into three steps: (1) Sodiumization: Na ions move in one direction along the wall of the amorphous carbon tube under the action of an applied voltage, and fill in the pores and defects of the carbon tube; (2) Nanoparticle guidance: When sodium ions reach the site with nanoparticles, the nanoparticles are sodated; (3) Na metal deposition: Na ions preferentially reach the surface of the lithiated nanoparticles and deposit stably in the inner cavity of the carbon tube.

[0091] The process of metal sodium deposition and stripping was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the results are shown in Figure 4 .

[0092] Figure 4 It is a process of in-situ deposition and exfoliation of sodium metal in carbon tubes loaded with gold particles. The two ends of the carbon tube are in contact with cop...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an amorphous hollow carbon nanotube and a preparation method thereof. The amorphous hollow carbon nanotube has an inner diameter of 50 to 100 nm, a thickness of 10 to 20 nm and a tube length of 1 to 5 [mu]m; the carbon wall of the amorphous hollow carbon nanotube is of a porous amorphous structure; and a plurality of nanoparticles are attached to the inner wall of the amorphous hollow carbon nanotube. The amorphous hollow carbon nanotube is obtained by using zinc oxide as a template and phenolic aldehyde amine resin as a carbon source through low-temperature heat treatment and hydrochloric acid etching. According to the invention, the lithium / sodium affinity of metal nanoparticles is utilized to guide lithium / sodium metals; the deposition and stripping processes ofthe lithium / sodium metals are limited in the cavity of a carbon tube; the effects of inhibiting dendritic crystal growth, limiting volume change generated in the deposition and stripping processes ofthe lithium / sodium metals and stabilizing negative electrode / electrolyte interfaces are achieved; and important application values are achieved for constructing stable and highly-efficient lithium / sodium metal batteries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium and sodium metal battery electrode materials, in particular to an amorphous hollow carbon nanotube and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Since metal lithium has the highest theoretical capacity (3860mAhg -1 ,) and the lowest electrochemical potential (-3.04 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode), lithium-based energy storage devices have long been the most compelling products in the energy storage market. However, conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been gradually challenged by energy density limitations in recent years, and safety issues induced by lithium dendrites and interfacial instability of anode materials have hindered their widespread application. [0003] Compared with lithium-based energy storage batteries, sodium metal is more abundant and cheaper on earth. Sodium metal batteries are expected to become the next generation of new energy storage b...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B32/16H01M4/587H01M4/66H01M10/0525H01M10/054B82Y30/00B82Y40/00H01M4/02
CPCB82Y30/00B82Y40/00C01B2202/34C01B2202/36C01B32/16H01M4/587H01M4/663H01M10/0525H01M10/054H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 王鸣生兰祥娜
Owner XIAMEN UNIV
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