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Platinum-based intermetallic nanocrystalline oxygen reduction catalyst and preparation method thereof

A base metal, nanocrystalline technology, applied in the direction of nanotechnology, nanotechnology, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, etc., can solve problems such as unfavorable large-scale, industrialized production, complex catalyst preparation process, and easy dissolution of transition metals, etc. problems, to achieve the effect of easy mass production and application, easy mass production, and improved electrochemical active area

Active Publication Date: 2020-02-11
HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the current research, alloying platinum with transition metals can effectively improve the oxygen reduction catalytic activity of platinum-based catalysts, but there are still problems with its stability: that is, transition metals are prone to dissolution under high temperature, high voltage and acidic conditions. , leading to a decrease in the activity of the catalyst
In addition, since the nanoparticles have to undergo high-temperature annealing to complete the phase transition process, the nanocrystals of these platinum-based intermetallic compounds are currently relatively large in size (usually 10nm in size), and the utilization rate of platinum atoms is low, resulting in relatively low activity and limiting Further applications of this type of catalyst
A large number of studies have shown that as the size of nanoparticles decreases, their electrochemically active area increases sharply, which can greatly increase the utilization rate of platinum atoms, thereby improving the activity of the catalyst; An effective method for agglomeration in the catalyst is to coat the surface of nanoparticles with inert protective layers such as magnesium oxide and silicon oxide, but the introduction of these protective layers requires additional preparation processes, which makes the preparation process of the entire catalyst more complicated and cumbersome, which is not conducive to large-scale, Industrial production

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  • Platinum-based intermetallic nanocrystalline oxygen reduction catalyst and preparation method thereof
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  • Platinum-based intermetallic nanocrystalline oxygen reduction catalyst and preparation method thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0030] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a platinum-based intermetallic nanocrystalline oxygen reduction catalyst, such as figure 1 As shown, including the following steps:

[0031] S1 Dissolve the reducing agent in the organic amine solution to obtain a reducing agent solution with a concentration of 0.05 to 0.2 mol / L. Dissolve the platinum salt in the organic amine solution and stir at 80°C to 110°C for 10 to 30 minutes to obtain a concentration of 0.005~0.02mol / L platinum salt solution; add the reducing agent solution to the platinum salt solution to obtain a mixed solution, so that the molar ratio of platinum salt and reducing agent is 1:40~2:5 (generally, the more the reducing dose, the more The higher the nuclear rate, the smaller the final nanoparticle size). After 0.5 to 1 hour, the platinum salt and the reducing agent fully react to obtain platinum nanoparticles, which are then centrifuged and washed to separate platinum nanoparticles...

Embodiment 1

[0039] S1 Take platinum acetylacetonate and dissolve it in 5mL oleylamine solution to prepare a solution with a platinum precursor concentration of 0.01mol / L. After the solution is stirred at 100°C for 20 minutes, the concentration of 0.2mol / L borane-tert-butylamine The oleylamine solution was added to the above solution, the amount was 5mL, then the solution was heated to 120°C, the reaction was continued for 1 hour, and then centrifuged and washed to obtain ultrafine platinum nanoparticles;

[0040] S2 Disperse a certain amount of zinc acetate and the above synthesized ultrafine platinum nanoparticles in 5 mL of oleylamine solution to form a zinc salt precursor concentration of 0.2mol / L solution, and then the above solution is reacted at 270℃ for 1 hour , Centrifugal washing, the zinc oxide protective layer can be coated on platinum nanoparticles;

[0041] In S3, the platinum / zinc oxide composite obtained was annealed at 600°C for 2 hours in an argon-hydrogen atmosphere. After co...

Embodiment 2

[0043] S1 Take platinum acetylacetonate and dissolve it in 5 mL of oleylamine solution to prepare a solution with a platinum precursor concentration of 0.01 mol / L. After the solution is stirred at 100°C for 20 minutes, the concentration of 0.05 mol / L borane-tert-butylamine The oleylamine solution was added to the above solution, the amount was 5mL, then the solution was heated to 120°C, the reaction was continued for 1 hour, and then centrifuged and washed to obtain platinum nanoparticles;

[0044] S2 Take the platinum nanoparticles and zinc acetate prepared above and dissolve them in 5 mL of oleylamine solution to prepare a solution with a zinc salt concentration of 0.2 mol / L. After the solution is reacted at 270°C for 1 hour, it is centrifuged and washed. The particles are coated with a protective layer of zinc oxide;

[0045] In S3, the platinum / zinc oxide composite obtained was annealed at 700℃ for 2 hours under an argon hydrogen atmosphere. After cooling, pickling, and ultraso...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell cathode materials, and particularly discloses a platinum-based intermetallic nanocrystalline oxygen reduction catalyst and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1 mixing a platinum salt solution and a reducing agent solution to obtain a mixed solution, reacting the platinum salt in the mixed solution with the reducing agent to obtain platinum nanoparticles and separating the platinum nanoparticles from the mixed solution; and S2 coating a metal oxide on the surface of the platinum nanoparticles to obtain a platinum and metal oxide composite and performing annealing treatment on the platinum and metal oxide composite to obtain the platinum-based intermetallic nanocrystalline oxygen reduction catalyst. The platinum-based intermetallic nanocrystalline oxygen reduction catalyst is used for accelerating the cathode oxygen reduction reaction rate of the fuel cell and has good activity and durability and has simple synthesis process and can effectively regulate and control the size of nanoparticles and is easy to produce in mass.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention belongs to the field of fuel cell cathode materials. More specifically, it relates to a platinum-based intermetallic nanocrystalline oxygen reduction catalyst and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a platinum-based intermetallic nanocrystal for accelerating the oxygen reduction reaction rate of a fuel cell cathode. Crystal oxygen reduction catalyst and its preparation method. Background technique [0002] At present, with the rapid development of society, mankind’s demand for energy is expanding. At the same time, the gradual consumption of coal, oil, natural gas and other fossil energy and environmental pollution are urgently needed to be solved. The development of green and pollution-free energy has become a national concern. Focus on the key points. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) can convert the chemical energy stored in fuel / oxygen into electrical energy through an electrochemical process. Because there is ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/92H01M4/86B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/8663H01M4/925Y02E60/50
Inventor 李箐梁嘉顺王谭源
Owner HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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