Gas detection method and device based on dispersion spectral analysis and artificial intelligence

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas detection method and device based on dispersion spectral analysis and artificial intelligence. The device comprises a light source, a first condensing lens, a detection gas chamber, a second condensing lens, a dispersion element, a light-sensitive element and a micro-control unit, the detection gas chamber is used for sealing a to-be-detected gas, the light source isused for emitting a light absorbed and refracted by characteristics of the to-be-detected gas, the first condensing lens is used for straightening the light emitted by the light source, the second condensing lens is used for straightening the light penetrating through the detection gas chamber, the dispersion element is used for performing dispersion on the light through the detection gas chamber,the light-sensitive element is used for converting optical signals to image signals, and the micro-control unit is used for receiving the image signals of the light-sensitive element, performing comprehensive calculation on the image signals, and obtaining a concentration result of the to-be-detected gas. According to the method and device, various gases can be simultaneously detected, the stability is high, the measuring precision is high, the response time is fast, the influences of vapor, dust, air pressure and temperature are fully considered, adjustment and correction are avoided, the structure is simple, the cost is low, the power consumption is low, and the miniaturization is easily realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of gas concentration analysis, in particular to a gas detection method and device based on dispersion spectrum analysis and artificial intelligence. Background technique [0002] Coal is an important basic energy in my country, accounting for about 70% of the country's primary energy consumption. It has an important strategic position in the national economy. Production conditions have improved, but there are still problems such as extensive growth mode and frequent safety accidents, especially the frequent occurrence of safety accidents is cause for concern and distress. Among the causes of safety accidents, a large proportion is related to the gas environment, mainly due to the excessive concentration of toxic and harmful gases in the air and insufficient oxygen. The total number of coal mine accidents in my country is too high, among which the proportion of gas accidents is high, and casualties More than 80% of the ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, it has the following disadvantages: it can respond to most of the combustible gases; it can work normally under at least 8-10% oxygen environment; it is easy to cause poisoning and inhibition of the sensor; high concentration gas is easy to cause damage to the sensor, and the range is generally 0 ~4% Vol; regular calibration is required; short service life; high power consumption of the probe

[0005] Disadvantages: In addition to being easily affected by thermal changes and pressure changes, since the filter cannot accurately filter out the light of the wavelength detected by the gas detection, but retains a certain wavelength range of light, and also includes the absorption spectrum of water vapor, so The infrared methane sensor is susceptible to interference from water vapor during measurement

Judging from the use of infrared methane sensors that have been practically promoted in mines in recent years, water vapor interference can easily affect its accuracy; although methods to remove water vapor or compensation algorithms have been adopted, the effect is still not ideal

[0006] Laser spectroscopy uses lasers as the infrared spectrum emission source, adopts tunable laser spectroscopy technology (TDLAS) to precisely control the laser wavelength, and uses the principle of infrared light absorption of specific wavelengths by methane gas molecules. The spectral absorption is linearly related to the concentration. By measuring the spectral absorption The gas concentration can be obtained by measuring the gas concentration, which has the following advantages: high stability; high measurement accuracy, fast response time; not affected by other gases and water vapor; not poisoned and inhibited; not affected by oxygen concentration; long adjustment cycle ; Long service life; Disadvantages: expensive, affecting large-scale promotion

[0008] Disadvantages: easily affected by ambient temperature; easily affected by oxygen concentration; easily affected by water vapor; easily affected by air pressure; there is a nonlinear relationship between the influencing factors and it is difficult to compensate

In terms of accuracy and practicability, the methane measurement based on the optical principle is better, but there are still shortcomings: the infrared principle is easily affected by water vapor; the laser principle is expensive; the optical interference principle is easily affected by environmental factors, and cannot provide A low-cost, high-reliability solution

At present, based on electrochemical sensors, there are shortcomings such as short manual calibration period, easy attenuation of sensitivity, and short life; although sensors based on optical principles are more reliable and easy to use, they are expensive, and some are subject to water vapor interference; In addition, the downhole environmental parameter sensors mostly use a single parameter, which not only causes waste of resources, but also increases costs

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