Liner structure, and aluminum electrolysis bath with liner structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a liner structure, and an aluminum electrolysis bath with the liner structure. The liner structure is arranged on the inner wall of a bath shell of the aluminum electrolysis bath and comprises a bath chamber side part and a bath chamber bottom part, wherein the bottom surface of the bath chamber bottom part is inclined toward one side; an aluminum collecting ditch sunken relative to the bath chamber bottom surface is arranged on one lower side; the bath chamber side part is formed by splicing side part inner side carbon blocks and side part special-shaped carbon blockswhich are constructed and fixed through high-alumina bricks and high-strength castables; the side part inner side carbon blocks are located on the upper part; the side part special-shaped carbon blocks are located on the lower part and cover a melt area of the aluminum electrolysis bath side part in the perpendicular direction; and heat insulation boar layers are arranged on the bath chamber bottom part and the bath chamber side part close to an electricity feeding side of the aluminum electrolysis bath. The liner structure is particularly applied to a continuously running multi-chamber aluminum electrolysis bath, an inclined bottom hearth structure is arranged according to a molten aluminum flowing rule in the bath, and meanwhile, non-uniform heat insulation structures are built on the electricity feeding side and an electricity discharging side at the same time, so that the maximum heat insulation and the temperature field distribution uniformity of the electrolysis bath, and the automatic collection of molten aluminum are realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the aluminum electrolytic cell technology, and in particular relates to an inner lining mechanism of an aluminum electrolytic cell and an aluminum electrolytic cell with the inner lining structure. Background technique [0002] The Hall-Héroult method is currently the only method for industrial primary aluminum production. The electrolytic cell lining is the most important structure except the anode and the busbar, and is mainly composed of side and bottom lining structures. In the process of aluminum electrolysis, the inner lining always plays an extremely important role: the large prebaked tank requires good heat preservation at the bottom in order to facilitate the cleaning of the bottom of the furnace; in addition, the side should have better heat dissipation to promote The hearth is naturally formed, so the castable (or refractory bricks) under the side carbon blocks is made into a ladder shape to restrain the legs from be...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] 1. The heat balance in the tank is uncontrollable, forcing the design of the lining to not achieve good heat preservation, so the lining is mostly designed for heat dissipation, which wastes a lot of electric energy, accounting for about 10% of the total capacity loss;

[0005] 2. The symmetrical design of the heat dissipation type has a greater impact on the life of the tank: Although the life of the tank has been greatly extended in recent years, there is still a big gap between the current average of 2500 days and more than 3000 days in foreign countries, mainly because of the symmetrical design Inability to take into account the actual state inside the electrolyzer;

[0006] 3. The fluctuation of aluminum liquid has a great influence on the electrolytic cell: the current electrolytic cell is a horizontal electrolytic cell, and the obtained aluminum liquid is stored at the bottom of the tank, and the current is passed through, which makes the interface of the aluminum liquid fluctuate violently by the magnetic field, so the pole distance of the tank is relatively large. Large, affecting the reduction of electrolyzer energy consumption

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