Chemical Disposal Methods of Waste Lead-acid Batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of lead-acid storage battery recovery, and particularly discloses a waste lead-acid storage battery chemical treatment method which comprises the following steps: (1) crushing: crushing lead paste in a waste lead-acid storage battery until the particle size of the lead paste is less than 100 meshes to obtain a crushed material; (2) precipitation: mixing the crushed material with NH4HCO3 solution by adopting a reaction device, stirring the mixture for 1-2 hours, and filtering the mixture to obtain a precipitate; (3) cleaning: repeatedly cleaning the precipitate with distilled water until the cleaned water is neutral at normal temperature to obtain a wet product; (4) heating: heating the wet product to 140-160 DEG C, and drying the product to obtain a sample; (5) preparing of red lead: heating the sample to 600-800 DEG C, and preserving heat for 1-3 hours to obtain the red lead. The treatment method is low in pollution and low in energy consumption.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of recycling lead-acid batteries, in particular to a chemical disposal method for waste lead-acid batteries. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of my country's automobile, communication and chemical industries, especially the continuous development of new energy vehicles and electric vehicles using lead-acid hybrid power, the demand for lead-acid batteries is gradually increasing. There is a large amount of lead paste in waste lead-acid batteries, and the main component of lead paste is PbSO 4 , Pb, PbO, PbO 2 , if directly discarded, the lead plaster will cause great damage to the environment and also cause a waste of lead, so the lead plaster is generally recycled at present. [0003] At present, the recovery of lead paste usually adopts the conversion process, and various additives are used to cooperate with carbonate or acid carbonate to make the PbSO in the lead paste 4 Convert to PbCO 3...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, PbSO in the lead paste of waste lead-acid batteries 4 The mass content has reached 40%-80%, the PbSO in the lead paste 4 Convert to PbCO 3 When the additive is combined with carbonate or acid carbonate, all PbSO 4 complete conversion to PbCO 3 , the converted PbCO 3 There is still a small amount of PbSO in 4 exists, while PbSO 4 The theoretical decomposition temperature reaches 1000°C, so in the actual recovery process, in order to make PbSO 4 Decomposition, the temperature in the smelting furnace cannot be lower than 1000°C, and the energy consumption of the smelting furnace is high

And when the temperature in the smelting furnace is too high, it will inevitably cause a large amount of lead obtained by reduction to volatilize. This part of the volatilization amount is not less than 5% of the total metal content. The gaseous form is all scattered in the air around the secondary lead enterprise. It is difficult for the existing cover-type bag dust collector to collect the scattered lead, which will cause serious lead pollution and cause serious damage to the environment and the health of workers.

Second, PbSO 4 After decomposition, PbS is obtained. In the reduction production process, a large amount of metal iron filings still needs to be added to reduce PbS, and the reduction cost is high. Therefore, this process can be said to be complex in procedure, high in energy consumption and cost, and serious in pollution.

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