MSP single-chip microcomputer based supersonic pluviograph and rainfall measurement method

Abstract

The invention relates to an MSP single-chip microcomputer based supersonic pluviograph and rainfall measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of hydrology and meteorology measurement. Thesupersonic pluviograph comprises a tunnel, a rain gauge bucket, a supersonic transducer, a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor and a measurement processor; the tunnel is arranged in the innerupper portion of the rain gauge bucket; and the measuring processor is arranged in one inner side of the rain gauge bucket, positioned between the upper and lower ends of the tunnel, connected with the supersonic transducer, temperature sensor and air pressure sensor, and comprises a microprocessor, an emission output circuit, a reception input circuit, a signal processing circuit, a temperature detection circuit and an air pressure detection circuit. According to different measured temperature, air pressure and real-time rainfall values, the relation between the measured rainfall and temperature and air pressure values is obtained via a compensation algorithm, and the rainfall is calculated based on the relation. The pluviograph and method have the advantages including that temperature and air pressure of output signals of the sensor are compensated, measurement errors are reduced, and the measured rainfall is more accurate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an ultrasonic rain gauge and a rainfall measurement method based on an MSP single-chip microcomputer, belonging to the technical field of hydrological and meteorological measurement. Background technique [0002] A rain gauge is an instrument used for meteorological monitoring and hydrological monitoring to measure the amount of precipitation in a certain area over a period of time. At present, there are weighing rain gauge, siphon rain gauge and tipping bucket rain gauge. Since weighing and siphon rain gauges require manual measurement, the degree of automation is low; the tipping bucket of the tipping bucket rain gauge has four capacities, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, and 1mm, of which 0.1mm capacity is used the most, but There are also defects. Although the accuracy of 0.1mm is relatively high, after the rainfall increases, there will be lag and splashing when the tipping bucket is turned, so its dynamic accuracy is not high. At p...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Since weighing and siphon rain gauges require manual measurement, the degree of automation is low; the tipping bucket of the tipping bucket rain gauge has four capacities, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, and 1mm, of which 0.1mm capacity is used the most, but There are also defects. Although the accuracy of 0.1mm is relatively high, after the rainfall increases, there will be lag and splashing when the tipping bucket is turned, so its dynamic accuracy is not high.

At present, most of the high-precision rain gauges used in the meteorological industry are imported. There is a big gap between domestic rain gauges and foreign rain gauges. It is difficult to meet the requirements of the meteorological department in terms of high-precision rainfall testing. Costly and difficult to popularize across the country

Because the ultrasonic transducer has a large penetrating power, it will produce a significant reflection to form a reflected echo when it encounters an interface. It has the advantages of high frequency, short beam length, and good directionality. It can be used in rainfall detection to achieve accurate measurement. So now There are many rain gauges made of ultrasonic technology. Since the current ultrasonic rain gauge’s compensation for ultrasonic velocity is limited to temperature, the influence of air pressure on ultrasonic velocity is not considered. If the ultrasonic rain gauge obtained from traditional experience is still used Velocity can cause large errors, which in turn affect the accuracy of rainfall measurements

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