Method for preventing and controlling bacterial wilt and black shank of tobacco by using tagetes erecta

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling bacterial wilt and black shank of tobacco by using tagetes erecta. The method comprises the following steps that 1) tagetes erecta is sowed, wherein 15-25 days before tobacco transplantation, according to the conventional technology, tobacco field soil preparation, fertilization, ridging and film covering are conducted, then tagetes erecta is sowed at the two sides of each tobacco ridge every two rows, and meanwhile tagetes erecta is sowed on the periphery of a tobacco field; 2) during tobacco seedling transplantation,0.50-0.80 kgof a tagetes erecta culture grafting soil mixture is applied to the periphery of each tobacco seedling plant; 3) thinning is conducted on tagetes erecta sowed at the two sides of each tobacco ridge every two rows, the plant spacing is 10-15 cm, the row spacing is 40-60 cm, and redundant tagetes erecta seedlings after thinning are transplanted to the periphery of the tobacco field; 4) tagetes erecta among the tobacco ridges is overturned and pressed; tagetes erecta on the periphery of the tobacco field is removed, air-dried and prepared into tagetes erecta rhizome smashed substances by using apulverizer. The method is convenient to operate and easy to manage, the occurrence and spreading of bacterial wilt and black shank of the tobacco can be effectively reduced, and the defects are overcome that in the prior art, the medicine treatment of biological pesticide is unstable, the residue of chemical pesticide exceeds the standard, and the ecological environment is damaged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of plant disease prevention and treatment by utilizing biological diversity, and in particular relates to a method for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and black shank by using marigolds. Background technique [0002] The sustainable yield and quality of tobacco agro-ecosystem depends on the normal balance among tobacco plants, soil, nutrients, light, humidity and other organisms. Immune dysfunction of the agro-ecosystem is an important reason for the health decline of the agro-ecosystem, such as the simplification of varieties and the increasingly obvious trend of genetic homogeneity; excessive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, decline in soil biological activity, long-term continuous cropping, and high multiple cropping index. Ecological diversity has been severely damaged. All of these provide hosts and breeding places for pathogenic bacteria to survive. Among the many tobacco dise...

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Problems solved by technology

For the prevention and control of root-knot nematode, the invention with application number 201510342567.1 interplants tobacco and hemp, which reduces the occurrence of tobacco root-knot nematode disease in tobacco fields; for tobacco single bacterial wilt, the invention with application number 201710193673.7 combines tobacco, wheat Crop rotation with marigold (sweet potato) reduces the incidence of bacterial wilt, but involves three crops, and the field management of crop rotation is more complicated and time-consuming; the invention with application number 201710152900.1 uses marigold and tobacco for intercropping, and uses Transplanting water containing acetoallicin and dowry soil containing marigold rhizomes control tobacco bacterial wilt. The disadvantages are that fungicides are used, and there are still certain pesticide residues that will affect the environment, and the utilization rate of excess marigolds after thinning is not high. high

For tobacco single black shank, the invention with application number 201410613309.8 planted garlic during the idle period of flue-cured tobacco planting, reducing the incidence of tobacco black shank by 66.0-77.1%. The disadvantage is that the field management of crop rotation is more complicated and time-consuming

There are no reports on the interplanting and interplanting control methods for compound bacterial wilt and black shank diseases

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