Method for efficiently measuring polarization state and phase of arbitrary beam at same time and optical path

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for efficiently measuring the polarization state and the phase of an arbitrary beam at the same time and an optical path. Based on the geometric phase theory, a method for simultaneously measuring the polarization state and the phase of an arbitrary beam and an optical path for realizing the method are proposed. During the measurement process, only two interferograms are acquired at the same time. By holographic numerical reconstruction of the interferograms and extraction of phase and amplitude information, the polarization and phase distribution of the measured beam can be calculated. The method can be used not only to measure the polarization state and the phase distribution of an arbitrary beam, but also to detect a polarization optical element.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of optoelectronic technology, and relates to a method and an optical path for efficiently and synchronously measuring the polarization state and phase of any light beam. Background technique [0002] Polarization state is an important characteristic of light field and plays an important role in basic scientific research and engineering applications. The polarization state of a traditional beam is uniformly distributed in space, and is often called a scalar beam. When the beam is spatially polarized, a spatially non-uniformly polarized beam—vector beam—is generated. The most typical vector beam is a cylindrical vector beam whose polarization state is axisymmetrically distributed in the space coordinate system. After being focused by a high numerical aperture lens, a special focal field distribution can be obtained. For example, a radial vector beam can produce a super-diffraction-limited focal spot , after being furt...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This measurement method needs to rotate the quarter-wave plate and the polarizer to record the intensity distribution at different angles during the measurement process, so the measurement process is complicated and slow.

Moreover, the non-uniform transmittance of the wave plate will also cause a certain system error

In addition, when using these methods to measure the phase distribution of the vector light field, more complex operations and algorithms are required

In order to measure the polarization state and phase of the beam simultaneously, some researchers proposed to use the interferometric phase shift method to measure the polarization state and phase of the beam, but this method can only be used to measure the beam whose local polarization state is linearly polarized, which has certain limitations. , and this method also needs to collect multiple images, the process is complicated and slow

Images