Cotton and peanut intercropping and crop rotation efficient planting mode in medium and slight sulfate saline-alkali soil
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A technology of sulfate and saline-alkali land, applied in the agricultural field, can solve the problems of reduced sustainable production capacity of land, low enthusiasm of farmers to cultivate land, and decreased land benefit, and achieves the effects of sufficient sunlight, improved utilization of light energy, and increased organic matter.
Inactive Publication Date: 2017-11-24
CROP RES INST SHANDONG ACAD OF AGRI SCI +1
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Year-round monoculture leads to difficulty in seedling growth, low yield, and poor quality. The obstacles to soil continuous cropping are becoming more and more serious, and the sustainable producti
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Embodiment 1
[0040] In 2016, an intercropping model experiment was carried out in Jiangzhuang Village, Liangzhuang Town, Gaotang County, with mild sulfate and saline-alkali soil. The resource endowment of the experimental site is 24-29 meters above sea level, and it belongs to the continental climate in the semi-arid monsoon region of the warm temperate zone. Plenty, four distinct seasons. The annual average precipitation is 574.8mm, the temperature is 13.1℃, the sunshine is 2663.3h, and the frost-free period is about 200d. 0.22%, the thickness of the soil layer is 40-50cm, the organic matter content is 10.6g / kg, and the pH value is 8.7.
[0041]Peanuts were selected from Huayu No. 36 bred by Shandong Peanut Research Institute, and cotton was selected from Lumianyan No. 37 bred by Shandong Cotton Research Center;
[0042] Both peanuts and cotton were planted with plastic film on April 24, peanuts were harvested on October 10, and cotton was harvested on October 23.
[0043] The test plot...
Embodiment 2
[0063] In the second year, in the same field after the harvest of Example 1, the planting test was continued.
[0064] One group: the peanut-cotton intercropping rotation pattern, promptly adopts the method of the present invention, and the steps are as follows;
[0065] Interannual crop rotation: repeat steps 1) to 7) of Example 1, the difference is that the planting belts of peanut and cotton are exchanged, and peanut and cotton are alternately rotated.
[0066] Two groups: single cropping of peanuts, the same method as in Example 1.
[0067] Three groups: cotton single cropping, method is the same as embodiment 1.
[0068] See Table 2 for the planting results of each group in the second year.
[0069] Table 2
[0070]
[0071] It can be seen from Table 2 that in the case of continuous cropping, the total income per unit area of the peanut-cotton intercropping model is 28.6% and 107.0% higher than that of the single cropping of peanuts and cotton, respectively. More...
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cotton and peanut intercropping and crop rotation efficient planting mode in medium and slight sulfate saline-alkali soil. The cotton and peanut intercropping and crop rotation efficient planting mode in medium and slight sulfate saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: in the current year, carrying out cotton and peanut wide-range strap-shaped intercropping on the medium and slight sulfate saline-alkali soil according to a 4: 6 (ridge: ridge) mode, fully playing edge advantages of high-salt-tolerance cotton firstly, and remarkably increasing optical energy utilization rate; secondly, by difference between growing speeds of the two crops, reducing the wind speed of a field in the spring, reducing water evaporation and diffusion of soil, and relieving saline-alkali damage; thirdly, improving soil fertility by nitrogen fixation of peanut root nodules, spraying nitrogen to crushed straws and returning the straws to the field so that a soil structure can be improved and organic matters can be increased; in the next year, interchanging cotton planting zones and peanut planting zones, and carrying out intersected crop rotation on the planting zones, wherein the width of the cotton in the field is consistent to the width of the peanut in the field, and continuous cropping obstacles are relieved effectively. By intercropping in a year and crop rotation in two different years, efficient production of cotton and peanuts is realized, land use and land nourishing are combined, and therefore, the cotton and peanut intercropping and crop rotation efficient planting mode in medium and slight sulfate saline-alkali soil has a special important practical significance on propelling of regional economy and social and ecological sustainable development.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and relates to a high-efficiency planting mode of cotton and peanut intercropping in saline-alkali land with moderate and mild sulfate. Background technique [0002] Saline-alkali land is the general term for salt land and alkaline land. Saline soil mainly refers to salinized soil with high chloride or sulfate content, and alkaline soil refers to soil containing carbonate or heavy phosphate, and the soil is alkaline. Saline-alkali land has less organic matter content, low soil fertility, poor physical and chemical properties, more anions and cations that are harmful to crops, it is difficult for crops to survive, and the land output rate and comprehensive benefits are low. [0003] The area of saline-alkali soil in Shandong Province is about 476,000 hectares, of which sulfate saline-alkali land is mainly distributed in the low-lying areas of the northern plains of Shandong Province, accoun...
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