A device, method and application for preparing auxetic filament fibers by high-temperature melt electrospinning

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature melting electrostatic spinning auxetic filament fiber preparing device and method and application thereof to production of auxetic carbon fiber non-woven fabric with electromagnetic properties. The device comprises a feeding mechanism, a heating melting mechanism, an auxetic electrostatic spinning mechanism, a bundling mechanism and an after-treatment mechanism which are connected in sequence. The method comprises feeding carbon fiber mixed with ferroferric oxide nano-particles into the heating melting mechanism through the feeding mechanism to obtain modified molten carbon fiber, processing the modified molten carbon fiber into thin fiber plates in an auxetic structure through the auxetic electrostatic spinning mechanism, processing the thin fiber plates into auxetic non-woven fabric through the bundling mechanism, and performing after-treatment on the auxetic non-woven fabric to improve the mechanical properties of the auxetic non-woven fabric or to endow the auxetic non-woven fabric with functions through the after-treatment mechanism. The prepared auxetic non-woven fabric obtains electromagnetic characteristics, good mechanical properties and a stable structure, and meanwhile, can be applied to the fields of electromagnetic shielding, filtering materials, photoelectric materials, impact protection, sensors and composite materials.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a device, method and application for preparing auxetic filament fibers by using a high-temperature melting electrostatic spinning method, in particular to a device and application for preparing an auxetic carbon fiber nonwoven fabric with electromagnetic characteristics by a high-temperature melting electrostatic spinning method , It belongs to the technical field of industrial auxetic structural materials. Background technique [0002] The auxetic material is called one of the smart materials in the 21st century. The application of flexible auxetic materials, such as auxetic fibers and auxetic yarns, is of great significance to the development and application of smart textiles. In the past two to three decades, the research on auxetic textiles has attracted people's attention. The preparation of auxetic fibers focuses on changing the internal microstructure of the polymer, such as improving the traditional melt spinning process to...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Auxetic textiles have potential broad applications in the fields of filtration, biomedicine, personal protection, etc. However, the current preparation process of nonwovens is mainly based on the improvement of the traditional spinning process, which is basically a low-temperature melt spinning process, and The formed nonwoven fabric is a positive Poisson's ratio structural material, so the elastic recovery performance is poor and the plasticity is high; especially the preparation of carbon fiber nonwoven fabric has good practicability, but the current carbon fiber nonwoven fabric is made by forming carbon fiber It is made by cutting and mechanical carding, not only the structure is difficult to control, but also the forming is unstable, and it does not have auxetic properties, the difference in fiber length is large, and the crossing and adhesion of fibers are poor

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