Citrus multiploid efficient induction and quick application technology

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological breeding and discloses citrus multiploid efficient induction and quick application technology. The technology mainly includes: when citrus buds just germinate in spring, selecting an exuberant shoot from the periphery or the upper portion of a citrus tree crown, selecting an auxiliary bud on the lower portion, erasing the auxiliary bud, using a cotton ball soaked with 0.06-0.08% colchicine+1% dimethyl sulfoxide to treat the position where the auxiliary bud is erased, using a sealing film to bind and seal, using a black adhesive tape to wrap to avoid light, cutting off a shoot on the upper portion of the treated position, and erasing a bud on the lower portion; unbinding after 5-7 days, and cutting off competitive shoots around; after 10-15 days, germinating multiple buds; after 1.5-2 months, taking a leaf sample, and using a flow cytometer to detect the leaf sample, wherein multiploid induction rate reaches higher than 50%, pure tetraploid is higher than 95%, and chimera is lower than 4%; the multiple buds grow vigorously after germination and can flower and put into application in the next year. The technology is simple, and agents can permeate into bud tissue, so that induction rate is high, and embedment rate is low; the technology can be quickly put into application and is suitable for all crops having multiple buds and being easy to germinate.

Description

technical field [0001] The patent of the invention belongs to the technical field of citrus biological breeding, and specifically relates to a method for inducing citrus polyploid materials, especially a technology that can improve the efficiency of citrus polyploid induction and promote the rapid application of polyploid. Background technique [0002] Seedless citrus is favored by people for its convenience and high quality. It is of great significance in both fresh food and processing. Seedless has become an important direction of citrus breeding in the world. In crop breeding, new crop varieties with specific ploidy can be bred through ploidy manipulation. The ploidy breeding of citrus is an important way of modern citrus genetic improvement, and the breeding of triploid and tetraploid is the most practical, and the breeding of triploid seedless citrus is the research hotspot. The acquisition of triploids, except for very few natural occurrences, must first obtain tetrap...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The main problem is that the polyploid induction rate is low, mostly between 10-30%, and the proportion of chimeras is high.

Moreover, because the selected buds are the buds at the upper middle or top of the branches, after sprouting into branches, the growth potential is weak, even if the surrounding competitive branches are removed, it is still difficult to bloom for a long time.

If the buds on the young shoots are used, they will not be able to develop into fruiting branches at all, and the purpose of flowering and application will not be achieved.