Method for precisely turning high-gradient aspheric surface through arc-edge diamond cutter

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for precisely turning a high-gradient aspheric surface through an arc-edge diamond cutter. It is guaranteed that an arc edge of the cutter and a meridian section curve line of a workpiece are tangent at an interpolation point in the turning process by calculating the interpolation segmentation number and the interpolation point number through given machining indexes, optimizing the interpolation chord length and determining the movement trail of the cutter axis. According to the method, machining is conducted through tangency of the arc edge of the diamond cutter and the workpiece, high-precision machining of the high-gradient aspheric surface can be completed without participation of a B shaft, the problem of machining the high-precision large-gradient aspheric surface is solved on the condition that the B shaft is not additionally arranged, and single-shaft installation and control errors brought by additional arrangement of the movement B shaft and multi-shaft coordination errors are avoided; meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of a machine tool is greatly reduced, and then the machining cost of the high-gradient aspheric surface is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing and automation, and relates to a turning method using a circular arc edge diamond tool, which is used for turning high-steep optical mirrors (conformal optics, reflective optics, space optics). Background technique [0002] High-precision, large-steep axisymmetric aspheric surfaces are very difficult to manufacture due to the relatively large changes in the radius of curvature at each point on the meridional profile curve. Directly using the existing XZ two-axis linkage CNC lathe programming for NC machining will cause tool interference, such as figure 1 shown. Therefore, at present, the CNC turning processing of this kind of steep aspheric surface is often completed by a T-shaped layout machine tool with an extended B-axis, such as figure 2 As shown, the formation of its motion trajectory is realized by XYB interpolation. The curvature change of each point on the meridional pr...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of diamond turning of high-precision, high-steep axisymmetric aspheric surfaces, and provides a method for precision turning of high-steep aspheric surfaces with arc-edge diamond tools. The number of segments and the number of interpolation points, optimize the interpolation chord length, and determine the movement trajectory of the tool center, so as to ensure that the circular arc edge of the tool and the meridional profile curve of the workpiece are tangent at the interpolation point during the turning process, that is, without increasing B The problem of machining high-precision, large-steep aspheric surfaces is solved under the condition of the axis

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