Metal amine hydrogen storage material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel metal amine hydrogen storage material and a preparation method thereof. The material is an amine material, and comprises a compound or mixture prepared through mixing organic amine, partially boron-substituted organic amine or boron-amine or other amine compounds with lithium hydride, magnesium hydride, titanium hydride or other metal hydrides. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the amine compound with the metal hydride according to a certain quantity ratio, preheating the obtained mixture to carry out a certain degree reaction, and adding a certain amount of a transition metal compound as a catalyst to obtain the hydrogen storage material. The hydrogen storage material prepared in the invention has the advantages of simple preparation method, simple and easily available raw materials, low price, large hydrogen storage capacity, and adjustable and easily-adjusted structure and performances, is very close to or has already reaches hydrogen storage material standards of American DOE, is a very promising hydrogen storage material, is suitable for large-scale production and application in the future, and has wide market prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a novel metal amine hydrogen storage material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a hydrogen storage material which can be used in a vehicle fuel cell hydrogen storage system. Background technique [0002] As one of the biggest technical problems in the era of hydrogen energy economy, hydrogen storage materials have always been a major technical bottleneck for fuel cell vehicles. The research on hydrogen storage materials started in the late 1960s and has been studied internationally for decades, but no practical breakthrough has been achieved so far. Hydrogen storage materials have gone through stages such as gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage, liquefied hydrogen storage, hydrogen storage alloys, and composite hydride hydrogen storage, but the currently commercialized hydrogen storage method is gaseous high-pressure hydrogen storage. The hydrogen storage tank is made of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum allo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although these materials have been extensively studied, they have their own advantages and disadvantages, which are difficult to meet the requirements of practical applications.

The hydrogen storage capacity per unit volume of hydrogen storage alloys is very high, even exceeding liquid hydrogen, and the hydrogen absorption and desorption conditions are relatively mild, but the hydrogen storage capacity per unit mass of all hydrogen storage alloys is low, and it is difficult to exceed 3wt.%.

The theoretical hydrogen storage capacity of magnesium hydride can reach 7.6wt.%, but the hydrogen absorption and desorption temperature is high, the kinetic performance is poor, and it is difficult to be practical

The theoretical hydrogen storage capacity of borohydride is very high, which can reach more than 10wt.%, but the hydrogen desorption temperature is as high as about 400, and the reversibility is poor, so it is difficult to meet the needs of on-board hydrogen storage

Aluminum hydride also has the problem of poor reversibility, and the hydrogen release temperature is also high

Lithium-magnesium-nitrogen-hydrogen system can really use only about 6wt.% of hydrogen storage capacity, the hydrogen absorption and desorption temperature is as high as 200 degrees above, and it is easy to generate ammonia gas to poison the fuel cell, and at the same time destroy the material, resulting in the hydrogen storage capacity of the material during the cycle. attenuation

Ammonia borane materials have a high theoretical hydrogen storage capacity, but the dehydrogenation temperature is high, and toxic by-products are produced at the same time; while the dehydrogenation temperature of lithiated ammonia borane is lowered, and no toxic by-products are basically produced, but ammonia borane Such materials are only suitable for one-time hydrogen release, basically not reversible, and are not suitable for on-board hydrogen storage systems

[0004] Since the energy crisis and the major environmental problems caused by fossil energy in the second half of the last century, people have invested a lot of manpower and material resources in the field of hydrogen storage materials research, but the only one that can be commercialized is still the traditional physical high-pressure method with many limitations. Hydrogen storage materials have become a major technical bottleneck restricting the large-scale application of hydrogen energy

Other hydrogen storage materials are difficult to apply commercially due to various disadvantages

In the existing research and patents, the above materials are basically modified, or combined with other materials, or added with catalysts, etc. No new hydrogen storage materials have been proposed, and there has been no significant progress in the research of hydrogen storage materials.