Efficient micro-machining method and device for non-conductive crisp and hard material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of combined micro-machining and discloses an efficient micro-machining method and device for a non-conductive crisp and hard material. According to the machining method, ultrasonic vibration, electrolyzing, electric sparks, high-speed drill milling and other machining methods are organically combined to complete machining of non-conductive microstructures. In other words, a workpiece, a tool electrode and an auxiliary electrode are immersed into an electrolyte; the auxiliary electrode and the tool electrode are subjected to an electrolytic reaction; hydrogen evolution happens to the surface of the tool electrode connected with a negative electrode, and an insulation air film is formed; generation and homogenizing of the air film on the surface of the tool electrode are facilitated under the cavatition effect of ultrasonic vibration; and during machining, the tool electrode and the electrolyte on the surface of the workpiece generate spark discharge to puncture the air bubble film, and therefore a high-temperature erosion non-conductive workpiece material is generated. The machining device comprises a machine tool bed, an electrolysis-electrical discharge machining unit, an ultrasonic vibration worktable and a feeding worktable. Due to high-speed rotation of the spiral tool electrode and ultrasonic vibration of the workpiece, a clearance flow field can update the electrolyte efficiently. The efficient micro-machining method and device have the beneficial effects that efficiency and precision are high, and cost is low, and the efficient micro-machining method and device are very suitable for micro-machining of the non-conductive hard and crisp materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of composite micro-machining, and relates to a micro-high-efficiency machining method and device for non-conductive hard and brittle materials. Background technique [0002] Micromachining of hard and brittle materials and other difficult-to-machine materials can be divided into two categories: traditional processing and special processing technologies. Traditional machining methods such as diamond turning, precision grinding and precision grinding are commonly used, but traditional machining is often difficult to obtain good processing results when processing hard and brittle materials, and the processing cycle and production costs are high; residual stress and microcracks often make The processed parts are scrapped. Special processing has unique advantages in micro-finishing. It is not affected by the hardness of the workpiece, the residual stress is small, and the tool loss is small, making it especially suitable ...

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Problems solved by technology

The scope of application of this patent is limited, it is mainly used for high-precision groove processing of dynamic pressure bearings, and it is difficult to realize the micro-machining of parts; on the other hand, because the processing uses the principle of electrolysis, the workpiece is required to be conductive, which limits its popularization and use

[0005] The Chinese patent with the publication number "CN101972874A" discloses an electrolysis electric spark cutting composite micromachining device and its processing method. It has become a new electrolytic EDM composite micromachining, but this machining method still has macro cutting force, which is prone to microcracks and thermal stress

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