An environmental DNA identification method for the study of fish community structure

Abstract

The invention relates to an environment DNA identification method for fish community structure researching. The method is characterized by comprising the steps that 1, water samples are collected according to the size of the water area where a fish community is located; 2, the water samples are processed, and total environment DNA of the processed water samples is extracted; 3, a 16s r DNA sequence with nucleotide sequences being SEQ ID NO:1 and SEQ ID NO:2 is adopted as a universal primer to carry out PCR amplification on the total environment DNA, and a PCR product is obtained; 4, gel electrophoresis is carried out on the PCR product, and gel with DNA is obtained; 5, gel cutting and clone sequencing are carried out on the gel with the DNA, and then blast comparison is carried out through GENBANK so as to determine whether the DNA is a fish sequence or not; 6, after it is determined that the DNA is the fish sequence, the next-generation sequencing technology is adopted for analyzing composition conditions of the PCR product on a large scale, and therefore the environment DNA fish composition and community structure are determined. The environment DNA identification method is quite easy, convenient and efficient and has the practical value.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of molecular ecology, in particular to sample collection of water body environmental DNA, DNA extraction, primer amplification and species identification of barcode sequences, and specifically refers to an environmental DNA identification method for fish community structure research. Background technique [0002] The methods currently used in the study of fish community and population ecology in China mainly include fishing method and acoustic detection method. The fishing method is to fish the fish in the water body, and then carry out the identification of the species and the analysis of the community structure. The realization of this method is mainly to catch fish by various fishing tools and methods (such as various nets, fishing tackle, electric catch, etc.). There are the following problems in this method: 1, the requirement for fishing intensity is high. A large amount of fishing work is required, and manpow...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There are the following problems in this method: 1. High requirements for fishing intensity

A large amount of fishing work is required, and manpower, material resources, and cost input are all large

2. For water bodies with low fish population biomass and complex topography, it is difficult for various fishing methods to be effective for different ecological types of fish (surface fish, middle and lower layer fish, cave fish, bottom fish, etc.) Accuracy is hard to guarantee

3. This method needs to capture live bodies. The above-mentioned fishing method is difficult to ensure the survival of the caught fish, and it will damage the fish resources to a certain extent.

4. For the monitoring and investigation of rare species and alien species, due to their scarcity, it is often difficult to achieve good results, and the investigation results are more likely to be biased

Due to the particularity of the water environment, coupled with the characteristics of aquatic animals in the water, such as mobility, easy hiding, and difficulty in fishing, it is often time-consuming and labor-intensive to conduct research on aquatic animals in large areas of water.

However, there is currently no systematic approach to the study of fish communities using environmental DNA techniques

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