Movable carbonization furnace for nearby carbonization and field returning of stalk and carbon method preparation thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and is applicable to biomass carbonization, in particular relates to a movable carbonization furnace for nearby carbonization and field returning of stalks and a carbon preparation method thereof. The invention can realize nearby treatment and field returning of stalks and reduce the large amount of freight of straw and biological carbon, does not require external energy, has low operation cost, and can continuously produce and save labor and time; multiple parallel pumping horn boxes (5) are used to realize uniform gas distribution and carbonization, short carbonization time, high receiving rate and good quality of carbon; exhaust is subjected to washing to recover useful wood-vinegar, so as to avoid the pollution to the environment. The invention can reach a three-win effect in the perspectives of carbon sequestration emission reduction, improvement of soil fertility to increase yield and increase of the income of farmers.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, is applicable to the carbonization of "biomass", and particularly relates to a movable straw carbonization furnace for returning to the field nearby and a carbonization method thereof. Background technique [0002] The term "biomass" includes woody and herbaceous plant wood, sawdust, straw, corn cobs, nut shells, bagasse, mushroom soil and other wastes, and may also include urban organic solid waste, sludge from sewage treatment plants, etc. and other carbon-containing substances. The term "biochar" refers to a solid product that uses "biomass" as a raw material and undergoes high-temperature pyrolysis (temperature below 600°C) under anaerobic conditions, and can also be called bio-black carbon. [0003] According to incomplete estimates, the world's annual output of straw is nearly 20 million tons. In 2003, the output of straw resources in my country reached 790 million tons, and it has st...

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Problems solved by technology

[0015] International application PCT / US2002 / 020689, U.S. patents US5,435,983 and US5,551,958 disclose carbonization of biomass raw materials in a high-pressure closed reactor, although the yield of carbon is relatively high (dry basis can reach 42-62%), The carbonization time is short (0.5-1 hour), but the structure is complicated, the investment is high, it is intermittent operation, and the operation is troublesome

[0016] Chinese patent 200320106468.6 discloses an "environmentally friendly straw carbonization furnace", which adopts a suction hood with gaps, serious air leakage, and gap operation, short circuit of flue gas in the furnace, and uneven carbonization

[0017] Chinese patent 200620099258.2 discloses a "high calorific value rapid carbonization furnace". The rods formed by pressing straw are used. The process consumes a lot of energy and is high in gaps. The flue gas in the furnace is short-circuited, carbonization is uneven, and the carbonization time is still as high as 10 hours. above

[0018] Chinese patent 200710086505.4 and Chinese patent 201110073104.1 disclose two carbonization furnaces and their carbonization methods. Although the biomass does not need to be pressed into shape, they are all intermittent operations, the flue gas in the furnace is short-circuited, carbonization is uneven, the carbonization time is long, and the labor intensity is high.

Continuous production, high production efficiency, only suitable for factory fixed production, need to concentrate biomass materials, high transportation costs of raw materials and finished products

It is not suitable for the vast rural areas where the straw is scattered and carbonized and returned to the field nearby

In addition, due to the "side wall effect", the ventilation around the furnace is much larger than the central part, the radial temperature gradient is large, and the carbonization is uneven; the feeding mechanism buried in the material layer also has the phenomenon of material shifting

[0020] Chinese patent 20102017636.2 discloses "a combined super-capacity environmental protection carbonization furnace that is easy to transport". Short circuit of flue gas, uneven carbonization, poor quality of carbonized products

[0021] Chinese patent 201220080802.4 discloses "A Small Carbonization Furnace". Although the structure is light and small, it is intermittently operated and labor-intensive. It adopts a single-side single-hole blast method, which results in uneven air supply and carbonization, and low yield.

[0022] Chinese patent 201210329884.6 discloses "a continuous carbonization furnace for crop straw", which can be used for continuous production, uniform carbonization, short carbonization time, high production efficiency, and good product performance, but it is only suitable for factory fixed production. Concentration, high transportation costs for raw materials and finished products

[0023] The Chinese patent 201310120120156.9 "Integrated method and equipment for drying, carbonizing and activating solid carbonaceous matter" invented by the applicant discloses a shaft-type carbonization furnace capable of continuous operation, with balanced gas distribution in the furnace, uniform carbonization, and short carbonization time. High production efficiency and good product performance, but it is only suitable for factory fixed production. It needs to concentrate biomass materials, and the transportation cost of raw materials and finished products is high

It is not suitable for the vast rural areas where the straw is scattered and carbonized and returned to the field nearby

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