Starch microsphere slow-release fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a starch microsphere slow-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The starch microsphere slow-release fertilizer takes a starch microsphere with characteristics of high adsorption capacity and slow-release dissolution as a slow-release material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding starch to a chemical fertilizer water solution, and stirring and heating for gelatinization; synthesizing the starch microsphere loaded with the fertilizer by adopting a reverse emulsion method. The starch microsphere slow-release fertilizer provided by the invention is made from the biodegradable natural starch, is an excellent carrier type slow-release fertilizer with long nutrient release period, low cost, environmental friendliness and the like and has high market application value.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of slow-release fertilizers, in particular to a slow-release fertilizer with starch microspheres as a carrier and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] my country is a large agricultural country. With the continuous development of agricultural technology, agricultural production depends more and more on chemical fertilizers. At present, the amount of chemical fertilizers used in my country ranks first in the world, and it shows a trend of increasing year by year. However, traditional chemistry faces two major problems in the process of agricultural production and use: one is the large amount of chemical fertilizers used and the utilization rate is low. In my country, the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the current season is 30-35%, the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer is 10-25%, and the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer is 35%. -50%; Second, the use of chemical fertilize...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, traditional chemistry faces two major problems in the process of agricultural production and use: one is the large amount of chemical fertilizers used and the utilization rate is low. In my country, the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the current season is 30-35%, the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer is 10-25%, and the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer is 35%. -50%; Second, the use of chemical fertilizers is unreasonable. At present, the use of quick-acting fertilizers in my country is still dominated by batches of quick-acting fertilizers, which have low utilization rates, short fertilizer cycle, high cost, and pollute the environment.

This method uses sulfur as a raw material, and applying a relatively large amount of elemental sulfur to the soil will affect the soil and accelerate the acidification of the soil; the production equipment is relatively complicated, and solid heat exchangers, coating drums, fluidized beds, and sieves are required. Large-scale equipment such as dividers, and natural beeswax is also added in the preparation process to increase production costs

[0007] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN103708917A discloses a slow-release fertilizer and its preparation method. The method is to dissolve the fertilizer in water and mix it with attapulgite to prepare a slow-release fertilizer, and use the pores in the attapulgite sheet structure to absorb fertilizer nutrients , due to simple physical adsorption, the amount of fertilizer adsorption is limited, and the amount of carrier has a greater impact on the slow-release effect of fertilizers; due to the strong water absorption of attapulgite, the slow-release fertilizer is applied to the soil, attapulgite It quickly absorbs the water in the soil to dissolve the fertilizer, and the nutrients of the fertilizer are released from the pores, which cannot achieve the long-term slow-release effect

However, the disadvantages of native starch such as poor stability, poor dispersibility, and relatively weak adsorption capacity limit its industrial application.

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