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A first-arrival travel time picking method and device

A technology for travel and computing devices, applied in seismic signal processing and other directions, can solve problems such as large changes in first-arrival waveforms, large changes in terrain fluctuations, and inapplicability, and achieve the effect of solving space jumps, obvious take-off time, and accurate pickup.

Active Publication Date: 2016-04-06
PETROCHINA CO LTD
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Problems solved by technology

[0007] However, in complex surface areas such as mountains, gravel areas, and loess tablelands, due to large terrain fluctuations and drastic changes in near-surface velocity, the waveform of the first arrival wave changes greatly, and the interference wave becomes complicated.
In complex surface areas, the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data is low. At the same time, due to the large fluctuation of terrain, the amplitude characteristics of seismic traces vary greatly. method, energy ratio method, etc. cannot accurately identify the sudden change time point of the seismic trace amplitude when the first arrival wave arrives, and cannot accurately pick up the travel time of the first arrival wave.
Therefore, this type of method is not suitable for picking up the travel time of first-arrival waves in complex surface areas.

Method used

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Embodiment 1

[0063] Embodiment 1 is a first-arrival traveltime picking method suitable for complex surface areas provided by the present invention, figure 1 It is a flow chart of the first-arrival travel-time picking method provided by the present invention. Such as figure 1 Shown, a kind of first arrival travel time picking method, its embodiment comprises the following processing steps:

[0064] S1: The computing device processes the collected seismic data into a common shot set seismic data record.

[0065] When collecting seismic data in the field, one or more seismic waves can be excited at one shot point, or one or more seismic waves can be excited at multiple shot points, and then the recorded data is collected by the geophone. The point where the source of the seismic wave is located is called the shot point. Typically, the acquired seismic data is preprocessed. The pretreatment generally includes: eliminating waste guns and roads, eliminating industrial single-frequency interf...

Embodiment 2

[0111] Embodiment 2 is a pick-up device for first-arrival travel time provided by the present invention, Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the first-arrival travel-time pickup device provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Such as Figure 8 As shown, the first arrival travel time pick-up device includes a preprocessing module 1, an initial reference line definition module 2, a characteristic function calculation module 3, a first arrival travel time extraction module 4, and an equalization processing module 5, wherein:

[0112] The preprocessing module 1 can be used to process the collected seismic data into a common shot seismic data record. The preprocessing module can also be used to eliminate waste guns and waste tracks and eliminate industrial single-frequency interference for the collected seismic data;

[0113] The initial reference line definition module 2 can be used to define an initial reference line in partitions in the com...

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Abstract

The invention provides a first-motion wave traveling time picking-up method and device. The first-motion wave traveling picking-up method comprises the steps that a calculating device processes collected earthquake data into common-source set earthquake data records; the calculation device defines an initial reference line in a partition mode in the common-source set earthquake data records, and selects a processing time window w for the initial reference line; the calculation device calculates the characteristic function value of all the sampling points in the processing time window with a sampling point on the initial reference line as a central point of earthquake channels in the common-source set earthquake data records; the calculation device extracts first-motion wave traveling time in the processing time window of the earthquake channels on the initial reference line according to the calculated characteristic function value; the calculation device processes the extracted first-motion wave traveling time in a balancing mode. The first-motion wave traveling time picking-up method and device are especially suitable for picking up the first-motion wave traveling time in areas, with complex ground surfaces, such as mountainous area, gravel areas and loess tablelands.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of seismic data processing in oil and gas exploration, in particular to a first-arrival travel time picking method and device. Background technique [0002] Before drilling and developing underground oil and natural gas, it is necessary to survey the strata, and seismic exploration is an important means of surveying oil and natural gas resources before drilling. In seismic exploration, the difference in elasticity and density of underground media is generally used to infer the shape of underground structures and the properties of rock formations by observing and analyzing the response of the earth to artificially excited seismic waves. Seismic exploration usually includes refracted wave seismic exploration and reflected wave seismic exploration. Currently, in the field of oil and gas resource exploration, reflected wave seismic exploration is mainly used. [0003] The reflection wave seismic exploration process consi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28
Inventor 徐基祥
Owner PETROCHINA CO LTD
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