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Environment-friendly synthesis method of nitrate

A synthesis method and technology of nitrate, applied in the preparation of nitrate, organic chemistry, etc., can solve the problems of environmental pollution, poor adaptability of raw materials, long production process and the like

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-08-14
XIAN JIAHONG PETROCHEM TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] In summary, by comparing the synthesis methods of various nitrating agents, it is found that the existing synthesis methods of nitrating agents generally have difficulties in the post-treatment of waste acid, long production process, and are not suitable for water and acid sensitivity. Nitrification of substances, high production costs, poor atom economy and selectivity, difficult separation of products, serious environmental pollution, and poor adaptability to raw materials

Method used

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Embodiment 1

[0014] Environmentally friendly nitrate ester synthesis method, first add organic acid and nitric acid as catalysts to the nitration reactor according to the preset dosage percentage to form a mixture, the inside of the nitration reactor is under the protection of nitrogen and the reaction temperature inside the nitration reactor is controlled at 35±3 within the range of ℃, then add alkyl alcohol to the mixture dropwise to carry out nitration reaction, after the nitration reaction, cool the mixed liquid obtained after the reaction to room temperature, then centrifuge the mixed liquid obtained after the reaction to remove the organic acid as a catalyst, and then The mixed liquid from which the organic acid has been removed is subjected to sedimentation and separation to remove the nitric acid in the lower layer, and then the oil layer of the mixed liquid after removing the nitric acid in the lower layer is subjected to alkali washing and pickling to obtain nitrate grease, and the...

Embodiment 2

[0018] Environmentally friendly nitrate ester synthesis method, first add organic acid and nitric acid as a catalyst to the nitration reactor according to the preset dosage percentage to form a mixture, the inside of the nitration reactor is under the protection of nitrogen and the reaction temperature inside the nitration reactor is controlled at 30 ± 3 within the range of ℃, then add alkyl alcohol to the mixture dropwise to carry out nitration reaction, after the nitration reaction, cool the mixed liquid obtained after the reaction to room temperature, then centrifuge the mixed liquid obtained after the reaction to remove the organic acid as a catalyst, and then The mixed liquid from which the organic acid has been removed is subjected to sedimentation and separation to remove the nitric acid in the lower layer, and then the oil layer of the mixed liquid after removing the nitric acid in the lower layer is subjected to alkali washing and pickling to obtain nitrate grease, and ...

Embodiment 3

[0022] Environmentally friendly nitrate ester synthesis method, first add organic acid and nitric acid as catalysts to the nitration reactor according to the preset dosage percentage to form a mixture, the inside of the nitration reactor is under the protection of nitrogen and the reaction temperature inside the nitration reactor is controlled at 40 ± 3 within the range of ℃, then add alkyl alcohol to the mixture dropwise to carry out nitration reaction, after the nitration reaction, cool the mixed liquid obtained after the reaction to room temperature, then centrifuge the mixed liquid obtained after the reaction to remove the organic acid as a catalyst, and then The mixed liquid from which the organic acid has been removed is subjected to sedimentation and separation to remove the nitric acid in the lower layer, and then the oil layer of the mixed liquid after removing the nitric acid in the lower layer is subjected to alkali washing and pickling to obtain nitrate grease, and t...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an environment-friendly synthesis method of nitrate, which comprises the following steps: adding organic acid and nitric acid used as catalysts into a nitration kettle according to preset percents to form a mixture, wherein the inside of the nitration kettle is in a nitrogen protective atmosphere, and the reaction temperature inside the nitration kettle is controlled at 25-50 DEG C; and dropwisely adding alkyl alcohol into the mixture to carry out nitration, thereby obtaining the nitrate. The method can effectively overcome the defects of difficulty in waste acid after-treatment, long production process, inapplicability to nitration of water-sensitive and acid-sensitive substances, higher production cost, low atomic economical efficiency, poor selectivity, difficulty in product separation, severe environmental pollution and poor adaptability to raw materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fine chemicals, and in particular relates to an environment-friendly synthesis method of nitrate ester, in particular to an environment-friendly synthesis method of nitrate ester used as a cetane number accelerator for diesel oil. Background technique [0002] Nitrates are an important class of organic compounds, which have a very wide range of uses in the field of modern science. In the field of military industry, polyol nitrates are important components of explosives and rocket propellants; in the field of medicine, nitrates can be used as cardiotonic agents and vasodilators; in the field of petroleum processing, alkyl nitrates can be used as diesel cetane value booster. [0003] The method for synthesizing nitrate ester mainly contains following several at present, and the characteristics of each method are: [0004] Concentrated nitric acid nitration is the most traditional method for synthesizing nitrates, a...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C07C201/02C07C203/04
Inventor 王宏田永宏张俊晟
Owner XIAN JIAHONG PETROCHEM TECH
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