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Earthquake multiple migration method

A technology of multiple wave and seismic recording, applied in the direction of seismic signal processing, etc., can solve the problem of unsuccessful seismic data, etc., achieve the effect of balanced underground illumination, obvious effect, and improved resolution

Active Publication Date: 2013-01-16
INST OF GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, many studies have proved that the direct conversion of multiple waves into reflected waves is only valid for vertical seismic data, and it is not successful for traditional surface seismic data

Method used

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example 1

[0032] Such as figure 2 As shown, for a velocity model of three underground layers, the seismic records with multiple signals of a single shot can be obtained by using finite-difference acoustic wave forward modeling (such as image 3 shown), if the multiple wave migration method of the present invention is adopted (such as Figure 4As shown), it can be seen that the two co-image axes C and D with the strongest energy are consistent with the position and shape of the velocity interface of the three-layer velocity model, which proves that the correct imaging can be obtained by using the method of the present invention, and also proves that feasibility of the invention.

example 2

[0034] Such as Figure 5 Shown is the famous Sigsbee2B salt dome model, which contains a high-speed salt dome body and a single velocity anomaly body. The model is complex and is one of the international standard models for verifying the imaging effects of various migration methods. Such as Figure 6 As shown, the traditional reverse time migration method only uses the primary reflected wave for imaging, and the multiple waves will be eliminated as noise. The imaging effect is not good. In the area marked by the oval dotted line in the figure, the reflected wave cannot be formed. Such as Figure 7 As shown, since the method of the present invention utilizes the characteristic that the travel time of the multiple wave is longer than that of the primary reflection wave, and the path is rich, it can be seen that the sub-salt area marked by the ellipse dotted line in the figure has a clear image, and the effect is obviously different and better than the traditional technology. ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an earthquake multiple migration method. According to the invention, the improvement is carried out on the basis of a reverse time migration method and multiples are fused into the reverse time migration process, so that the multiples are homed to a correct position under the ground. The multiple migration method disclosed by the invention is mainly divided into the following two steps of: a first step of obtaining the multiples by utilizing known methods for forecasting the multiples; and a second step of carrying out pre-salt depth domain imaging by utilizing the reverse time migration method. According to the invention, multiple information is utilized; the multiples are fused into the reverse time migration process; earthquake record wave fields of primaries and the multiples are utilized to carry out imaging. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the multiple pre-salt imaging can be implemented; the underground illumination level which has a larger range and is more balanced is achieved; and the resolution ratio of the pre-salt imaging is greatly improved. The earthquake multiple migration method can be widely used in the field of oil-gas exploration and particularly has a more obvious effect on the imaging of a pre-salt structure.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an underground structure imaging method, in particular to a seismic multiple wave migration method used in the field of oil and gas exploration. Background technique [0002] For decades, geologists have believed that salt bodies can act as natural cap rocks for some oil and gas accumulations, and there may be super-large-scale oil and gas accumulations below them. However, salt bodies are high-speed geological bodies. These geological bodies, like sound lenses, can diverge or gather seismic wave signals, which poses great challenges to sub-salt imaging. Recently, many seismic imaging technologies for high-speed salt body problems have been proposed in the world, many of which can improve the imaging quality. However, the above methods are all based on reflected wave imaging. In complex sub-salt areas, the reflected wave illumination range is small and the illumination is low, so it is difficult to obtain satisfactory sub-salt...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28G01V1/32
Inventor 刘伊克常旭金德刚王一博
Owner INST OF GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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