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Method of three-dimensional preserved-amplitude pre-stack time migration

A pre-stack time migration, three-dimensional technology, applied in the field of 3-D amplitude-preserving pre-stack time migration for 3-D seismic data migration and imaging, and pre-stack migration imaging. There is no compensation for the geometric diffusion effect of seismic wave propagation, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2011-01-26
CHINA NAT OFFSHORE OIL CORP +2
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Problems solved by technology

A small migration aperture can reduce the amount of migration calculation, but there is a risk of not being able to correctly image the steep dip angle structure; an excessively large aperture brings migration noise and a large amount of calculation
For the 3D prestack time migration method, the selection of the migration aperture is more complicated than that of the 2D migration because the acquired data has different spatial sampling rates along the survey line and perpendicular to the survey line
[0005] The current prestack time migration method is based on the double square root equation, and its imaging conditions actually use the relevant imaging conditions of prestack depth migration, so the imaging does not compensate the geometric diffusion effect of seismic wave propagation

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Embodiment 1

[0104] Embodiment 1: Three-dimensional amplitude-preserving pre-stack time migration method, taking the JZ32-4 block in the Bohai Sea area as an example, the specific steps are as follows:

[0105] (1) Use multiple streamers or multiple survey lines to record the reflected seismic signals excited by the artificial source and record them on tape. Specifically, the reflection seismic signals excited by the artificial source are obtained by means of marine streamers, and recorded on the tape; each shot has 3 streamers, the distance between the streamers is 100m, and the distance between the geophones on the streamers (that is, the track spacing) is 3.125 m, the recording time of seismic signals is 5s, and the sampling time is 1ms. Each shot contains 3×1152=3456 channels; a total of 2745 shots are excited and recorded. figure 1 It is a typical single-shot record after conventional noise suppression processing.

[0106] (2) Read the seismic data from the tape, and perform conventi...

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Abstract

A method of three-dimensional preserved-amplitude pre-stack time migration which is applied to reflected seismic data treatment in seismic prospecting is a pre-stack migration imaging method aiming at the three-dimensional collected seismic data. The technical scheme comprises three aspects: 1) performing the migration amplitude calculation by using a weight coefficient acquired according to a one-way wave equation and the reverse convolution imaging condition of the depth migration, 2) confirming the time varying three-dimensional migration aperture according to the biggest incidence formed underground, and 3) automatically suppressing the migration voice by performing strip attenuation method on the edge of the migration aperture. The method of the invention realizes high-efficient, high SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) and preserved-amplitude migration imaging by improving the migration aperture, providing a weight coefficient of the preserved-amplitude and suppressing the migration voice in the imaging process. The preserved-amplitude reflective spot collection generated by using the method of the invention can better serve for the oil gas and fluid detection technique for pre-stack inversion. The method of the invention has high application value to oil gas and mine resource exploration.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of reflection seismic data processing in seismic exploration of oil and gas fields, in particular to the technical category of pre-stack migration imaging in the process of seismic data processing, and is a three-dimensional amplitude-preserving pre-stack time migration method for three-dimensional seismic data migration imaging. Background technique [0002] In the processing of reflection seismic data in seismic exploration, pre-stack migration imaging is a key link, and pre-stack time migration method is an important method in pre-stack migration imaging. The pre-stack time migration method can better image a type of geological structure with complex faults but less severe lateral velocity changes. Compared with the prestack depth migration method, in addition to its higher computational efficiency, its main advantage is that it only needs to use the stacked (root mean square) velocity; in this way, the a...

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28
Inventor 赵伟张剑锋郝振江张云鹏薛东川朱振宇王小六井涌泉董春晖张浩
Owner CHINA NAT OFFSHORE OIL CORP
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