Precise laser micro-forming and powder feed method and coaxial laser powder device thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a precise laser micro-forming and powder feed method and a coaxial laser powder device thereof. The precise laser micro-forming and powder feed method of the invention adopts a powder feed device to perform piezoelectricity actuated powder feed; after a piezoelectric cermic in a piezoelectric actuator in the power feed device is electrified, the pulse inertial force generated by a converse piezoelectric effect thereof is conducted to a quartz micro-nozzle to actuate metal powder to overcome a resistance to spout to a former pulse continuously; and the piezoelectric cermic of the piezoelectric actuator is controlled to work by a computer. When micro-forming or micro-cladding a metal component of a uniform material, a central single-powder pipe powder feed method is adopted; and when micro-forming or micro-cladding a metal component of a gradient material or a multilayer compound layer, a lateral multi-path powder feed method is adopted. The invention also discloses a coaxial laser powder device thereof for realizing the laser precisely micro-forming and powder feed method, which has the advantages that: the defocusing distance and powder feed speckle thereof are convenient and adjustable; the powder feed resolution is high; the single pulse discharge is accurate to the magnitude of microgramme; the powder feed is uniform, stable and continuous; and the powder feed density meets the requirement of micro-forming.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to laser processing technology, in particular to a laser precision micro-forming powder feeding method with uniform powder feeding, high resolution, good controllability and wide applicability and a laser powder coaxial device. Background technique [0002] Laser precision micro-forming or micro-cladding, the size of the formed parts is as small as millimeters, the size of the powder beam, laser spot and molten pool should reach the micron level, the forming material is micro-nano metal powder (particle size less than 50 μm), and the powder feeding micro-pipe Or the inner diameter of the micro-nozzle is required to reach the micron level, and the surface tension of the micro-nano powder is high, and the powder is transported in the micro-pipe, which is easy to bridge and block, and the transport is not smooth, while the laser micro-forming or micro-clad high-precision gradient material or Parts made of multi-layer composite materi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, this kind of coaxial powder feeding device usually adopts the carrier gas type, and the controllability and continuity of powder feeding are poor, especially for micro-nano powder (particle size less than 50 μm), the surface tension is large, and the powder It is easy to bridge and block the passage, even if it is continuously pressurized, there is no obvious effect

Therefore, this kind of air-carrier powder feeding is not suitable for the transportation and precision forming requirements of micro-nano powder, and the powder feeding nozzle is made of metal, and the micron-level inner hole size is machined, which is costly.

[0005] Chinese patents CN01131777.9 and CN02114474.5 disclose the use of mixers to feed powder to form gradient materials, and the composition and structure of materials are controllable. Requirements for precise micro-forming of nano-powder

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