Solid base catalyst used for preparing biodiesel by ester interchange and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a solid base catalyst used for preparing biodiesel by ester interchange and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of biodiesel. The solid base catalyst comprises the following components by weight percentage: 81 to 83 percent of zirconia, 15 to 17 percent of calcium oxide and 1 to 3 percent of potassium hydroxide. The invention adopts ZrOCl2 and CaCl2 as raw materials to prepare mixed solution with the concentration of 0.1 to 0.3mol / L, adds ammonia water in the mixed solution according to the molar ratio of 1:1, drips ammonia water till the precipitates are completely generated; then filtering and drying are carried out, the CaO-ZrO2 solid solution is obtained after calcination; then KOH solution is dripped; then calcination is carried out for 4 to 8 hours under the temperature of 600 to 850 DEG C; and the CaO-ZrO2-KOH solid base catalyst is prepared finally. The catalyst obtained by the method can obtain higher conversion rate in the process of preparing the solid base catalyst by ester interchange and the conversion rate can be about 90 percent. The solid base catalyst has higher stability and activity, is easy to separate and can be utilized repeatedly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a solid base catalyst for preparing biodiesel by transesterification and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of biodiesel preparation technology. Background technique [0002] Due to the large-scale use of petroleum in the past half century, the shortage of petroleum resources worldwide has forced people to find a new energy source that can replace petroleum resources. Due to some pollution caused by petroleum resources, the new energy that people are looking for The alternative new energy needs to meet the characteristics of lower toxicity, less pollution, and less harm to the environment and health, so biodiesel came into being. [0003] The main component of biodiesel is fatty acid methyl ester. In the presence of a catalyst, animal and vegetable oils and methanol undergo transesterification to generate biodiesel with fatty acid methyl ester as the main component, such as Chinese patent No. 9881144...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Enzyme catalysts are less polluting to the environment, but they are expensive and prone to "poisoning", which leads to inactivation, and the industrial application prospects are not great; homogeneous acid-base catalysts such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc., require a lower temperature for the reaction , the reaction speed is fast and the conversion rate is high, but it cannot be reused and separation is difficult; while traditional solid base catalysts such as CaO, MgO, etc., although easy to separate, are not resistant to acid and water, and may also cause A large amount of industrial waste water, causing environmental pollution