The invention discloses a multifunctional rope unreeling device. The multifunctional rope unreeling device comprises a shell, a pneumatic transmission system, rollers or rotating shafts, a descent control device and pull ropes. The pneumatic transmission system comprises a pneumatic motor. The pneumatic motor, the rollers or rotating shafts, the descent control device and the pull ropes are arranged in the shell. The pneumatic motor can drive the rollers or rotating shafts to rotate. The rollers or rotating shafts are sleeved with one or more circular rings, wherein the circular rings can rotate around the rollers or rotating shafts. The circular rings are provided with blocking faces, and the rollers or rotating shafts are provided with blocking pieces. At least one circular ring is connected with one end of the corresponding pull rope, and at least one circular ring is provided with the descent control device. The corresponding pull rope extends out from the corresponding circular ring, is wound on the corresponding roller or rotating shaft and then extends out from the corresponding roller or rotating shaft to be connected with a weight. A descent control rope extending out from the descent control device is wound on the corresponding roller or rotating shaft and then extends out from the corresponding roller or rotating shaft to be connected with the weight.