Acoustically stiffened gas-turbine fuel nozzle

Abstract

Under certain conditions, the fuel delivery system can contribute to the formation of strong dynamic pressures in the combustor of a turbine engine. Embodiments of the invention provide a system for dynamically stiffening the fuel supply passage to suppress damaging combustion dynamics. To that end, a Helmholtz resonator can be placed along and in branched relation to the fuel supply passage. The resonator can produce the effect of adding a pressure release opening at a selected location in the fuel line, causing a shift in the fuel line pressure wave pattern that blocks fuel flow fluctuations at the outlet of the fuel passage at the frequency of the oscillation. The pressure wave shift results in a shifting of the volume velocity wave pattern. Ideally, the resonator can be positioned along the flow path such that the volume velocity of the fuel at the fuel passage exit is minimized.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The invention relates in general to turbine engines and, more specifically, to an acoustically stiffened fuel nozzle for a turbine engine.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Although often associated with dry low-NOx combustors used in some gas turbine engines, strong dynamic pressures due to combustion oscillations or pulsations have also occurred in diffusion-flame type combustors when operated on natural gas fuel. In the past, these pulsations have occurred during engine startup operation at or near full-speed, no-load conditions. These pulsations can reach potentially damaging amplitudes, but they remain at these levels for relatively short periods of time during engine startup.[0003]These combustion oscillations have been attributed to fuel flow fluctuations that are induced by dynamic pressures under the low steady flows of fuel at no-load conditions, during which the fuel nozzles are acoustically “soft” (i.e., when the fuel nozzles have low acoustic r...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The solution effectively minimizes fuel passage-induced oscillations in the combustor by reducing the acoustic admittance of the fuel nozzle, breaking the operational feedback loop and preventing fuel flow from responding to pressure oscillations, thus reducing combustion oscillations to non-damaging levels.

Problems solved by technology

These pulsations can reach potentially damaging amplitudes, but they remain at these levels for relatively short periods of time during engine startup.

However, experience has demonstrated that combustion oscillations can still occur at full-load.

Images