Production process of biological diesel

Abstract

This invention relates to the preparation of the biological diesel fuel from the fat acid triglyceride, and special from the animal, vegetable tallow and oil. This invention takes the solid alkali as the catalyst, and the addition of the amine is as the third component. It can gain the high ratio of conversion and the lifetime of the catalyst is long. Comparing to the existing technology, the process of this invention is simple, the condition is moderate, the conversion is high, the by-product is less, and the lifetime of the catalyst is long. The diesel fuel can be produce from the animal and vegetable tallow and oil.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for producing biodiesel, in particular to a method for producing biodiesel from fatty acid triglycerides, especially animal and vegetable fats and oils. Background technique [0002] Fatty acid triglycerides, especially animal and vegetable fats and oils, monoglycerides obtained by transesterification with low molecular weight monohydric alcohols, have similar properties to diesel oil obtained from petroleum fractions, and can be used as fuels. The fuel obtained in this way is called biodiesel. [0003] The biodiesel produced by the transesterification reaction of oil has the following advantages: 1) It has excellent environmental protection characteristics. Biodiesel has low sulfur content and does not contain aromatic hydrocarbons that pollute the environment. 2) It has good engine low-temperature starting performance, and the condensation point without additives can reach -20°C. 3) It has good lubricating perform...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

High energy consumption and low yield

When molecular sieves are used as catalysts, the transesterification reaction needs to be carried out at a higher reaction temperature. At this time, methanol is in a vapor state, which is not conducive to the progress of the reaction.

No matter which catalyst is used, the above method has the following disadvantages: the process is complex, the alcohol must be excessive, and the subsequent process must have a corresponding alcohol recovery device, which requires high energy consumption; the product has a deep color, because the unsaturated fatty acids in the fat are easy to deteriorate at high temperatures; The esterification product is difficult to recycle and the cost is high; waste liquid is discharged during the production process

The disadvantages are: the conversion rate of oil is low; the service life of the enzyme is short; the product is difficult to separate from glycerin; the price of lipase is high; therefore, it has no industrial application value

Since this method can avoid or shorten the initial stage of transesterification, the reaction time is shortened, but the selectivity and conversion rate of the transesterification reaction are not greatly contributed; the reaction needs to be recycled, which increases energy consumption; the reaction process is selected The catalyst price is high; the transesterification reaction process itself generates water, and water is poisonous to the catalyst selected for the reaction, so the catalyst life is short; the catalytically active salt insoluble in the reaction mixture must be deposited on the carrier, and the catalyst preparation and / or separation process is complicated