Hydrogenation reactor and hydrogenation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogenation reactor and a hydrogenation method thereof. The hydrogenation reactor comprises an inner cylinder and a reactor shell, the inner cylinder is conical, and an annular space is formed between the inner cylinder and the reactor shell; the edge of the bottom of the inner cylinder is connected with the inner wall of the reactor in a sealed manner; the inner cylinder is filled with a hydrogenation catalyst I, the annular space is filled with a hydrogenation catalyst II, and the activity of the hydrogenation catalyst I is higher than that of the hydrogenation catalyst II; a hydrogen supplementing assembly is horizontally arranged in the reactor; a reactor raw material inlet is communicated with the bottom of the inner cylinder; a reactor product outlet is communicated with the lower part of the annular space; the material flows in the inner cylinder from bottom to top; and the material flows in the annular space from top to bottom. The method can effectively control the contact time of the material and different active catalysts in different temperature sections in the hydrogenation reaction, realizes the purposes of rapid reaction in low and medium temperature sections and inhibition of side reaction in high temperature sections, and improves the hydrogenation reaction rate and reaction depth.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of chemical industry and petrochemical industry, and specifically relates to a hydrogenation reactor and a hydrogenation method. Background technique [0002] Hydrogenation is a reaction process in which hydrogen interacts with compounds, usually in the presence of a catalyst. The hydrogenation process is already one of the most important reaction processes in the chemical industry and petroleum refining industry. The hydrogenation reaction is a reversible, exothermic, and molecular number reduction reaction, and low temperature and high pressure are conducive to shifting the chemical equilibrium to the direction of the hydrogenation reaction. The temperature required for the hydrogenation process depends on the activity of the catalyst used, and the one with higher activity can have a lower temperature. For the hydrogenation reaction with a small equilibrium constant under reaction temperature conditions, in order...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the following problems still exist in the conventional upflow liquid-phase hydrogenation reactor and reaction process: (1) The contact between the reaction material and the catalyst is more sufficient, the reaction rate is fast, and the reaction efficiency is high, but there are still short residence times that cannot reach the reaction The required depth, but the reaction residence time is long and the side reactions or cracking and catalyst coking are serious; (2) Especially in the interval of high reaction temperature at the end stage, due to the sufficient contact between the material and the catalyst, the side reactions or cracking reactions are more severe. Seriously, it has far exceeded the positive reaction, resulting in a large number of undesired reactions at the end of the reaction, reducing the yield and production efficiency; (3) During the reaction process, with the flow of materials in the hydrogenation reactor and the hydrogenation consumption, the dissolved and dispersed state of hydrogen in the oil has gradually changed, causing the hydrogen bubbles dissolved around the oil molecules to react, and those bubbles that have not reacted gradually coalesce into large bubbles, making the oil hydrogenation The inability to continuously provide hydrogen during the reaction will also increase side reactions or cracking reactions; (4) At the end of the reaction, some hydrogenation reactions have products or one or more components in the products that inhibit the positive reaction, Make it difficult to achieve the required depth of hydrogenation reaction

[0007] In summary, the upflow hydrogenation reactors and liquid phase hydrogenation reactors in the prior art generally dissolve hydrogen through the hydrogen dissolution method or hydrogen dissolution components, and improve the reaction efficiency by supplementing hydrogen. It did not solve the problems of high catalytic activity in the early and middle stages of the reaction in the upflow liquid phase hydrogenation reactor, low reaction rate in the final stage, serious side reactions and cracking reactions, and did not solve the problems of the reaction product inhibiting the reaction raw materials.

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