Anti-fatigue high-pressure hydrogen storage container for hydrogen refueling station

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-fatigue high-pressure hydrogen storage container for a hydrogen refueling station. The container adopts a non-welding double-layer cylinder structure, an inner container is a large-volume seamless gas cylinder, an outer container is a two-section combined large-volume seamless gas cylinder, the inner container is connected through a flange, and the inner container is supported in the outer container through a gasket and gas inlet / outlet pipes at two ends of the container. During use, the inner container is filled with high-pressure hydrogen, and the outer container is filled with high-pressure nitrogen serving as balance gas. The stress level of the inner container is adjusted by balancing the gas pressure, and the crack propagation driving force of the inner container is reduced. The inner container can be made of austenitic stainless steel with good hydrogen compatibility, and the outer container can be made of high-strength steel to bear the high-pressure nitrogen. According to the anti-fatigue high-pressure hydrogen storage container for the hydrogen refueling station, the problem of hydrogen embrittlement of a current single-layer hydrogen storage container material is effectively solved, and the defects that an existing multi-layer high-pressure hydrogen storage device is complex in manufacturing process, multiple and dense in weld joint, large in welding quality control difficulty, long in production period and high in cost are overcome.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of new energy storage and transportation, and relates to a fatigue-resistant high-pressure container for a hydrogen refueling station, in particular to a fixed gas storage container suitable for high-pressure hydrogen. Background technique [0002] In the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry, the hydrogen refueling station needs to compress the hydrogen to a pressure of 45MPa-99MPa and store it in a high-pressure hydrogen storage container. It needs to withstand about 100,000 fatigue loads with a fluctuation range of about 20MPa within its design life. Once the hydrogen storage device suddenly fails due to fatigue, hydrogen explosion will occur, causing catastrophic consequences. [0003] However, during the long-term service in the high-pressure hydrogen environment, the durability of the hydrogen storage container will decrease due to the hydrogen embrittlement of the material, and the fatigue crack growth rate will ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, during the long-term service in the high-pressure hydrogen environment, the durability of the hydrogen storage container will decrease due to the hydrogen embrittlement of the material, and the fatigue crack growth rate will be greatly accelerated, resulting in a significant decrease in its anti-fatigue failure performance. High, the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of materials increases, and this problem is more prominent. Therefore, ensuring the durability of high-pressure hydrogen storage devices is a key issue to ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of hydrogen refueling stations

[0004] In the prior art, there are mainly two technical solutions to solve the problem of durability decline caused by hydrogen embrittlement of high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels: one is a single-layer, large-wall-thick, non-welded pressure vessel made of low-alloy high-strength steel. The solution effectively reduces the stress level of the inner wall of the hydrogen storage device by increasing the wall thickness of the hydrogen storage container and self-reinforcement technology, thereby reducing the fatigue risk caused by hydrogen embrittlement of the hydrogen storage container. The advantage of this solution is that the manufacturing process is relatively simple, but its disadvantages are The effective volume ratio is very low, and the non-welded container with large wall thickness can only adopt single-sided heat treatment process. The excessive wall thickness of the container leads to poor hardenability of quenching heat treatment, and it is difficult to guarantee the material properties after heat treatment; the other is to use multi-layer concentric A multi-layer hydrogen storage container made of cylindrical shells. This solution uses carbon fibers, steel strips or steel plates to wrap or wrap around the thin-walled container made of austenitic stainless steel. With the help of the low hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of austenitic stainless steel Reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement fatigue of hydrogen storage containers. The advantages of this solution are good hydrogen embrittlement resistance and large effective volume. The disadvantages are that the manufacturing process of multi-layer hydrogen storage containers is complicated, there are many and dense welds, and the welding quality control is difficult. Long production cycle and high cost

It can be seen that the existing technology still fails to solve the requirements of the development of the fuel cell industry that the high-pressure hydrogen storage container has a large effective volume, good resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, high manufacturing reliability and low cost.

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