First-accurate-type central axis minimally invasive mechanical navigation system for femoral neck surgery

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic surgery equipment, and relates to a first-accurate-type central axis minimally invasive mechanical navigation system for femoral neck surgery. The system comprises a femoral neck positioning hook connecting component, an adapter, a porous positioning guide plate, a positioning guider, a sliding rod right-angle adapter and a central axis positioning guide component, the femoral neck positioning hook connecting component is connected to the adapter through the vertical connecting rod, the porous positioning guide plate is arranged on theadapter, the sliding rod right-angle adapter is connected to the porous positioning guide plate and the positioning guider, and the central axis positioning guide component is arranged on the positioning guider. The system can be objectively, accurately and completely matched with the neck shaft angle, the front inclination angle and the front torsion angle, passes through the center of the femoral neck, guarantees the accuracy of the central axis of the femoral neck surgery, and achieves initial accurate screw placement with high accuracy. Meanwhile, a detachable structure is adopted, disinfection and repeated use after an operation are facilitated, the structure is simple, and functions are diversified.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic surgery equipment, and relates to an auxiliary equipment for the treatment of femoral neck fractures, in particular to a first-standard central axis minimally invasive mechanical navigation system for femoral neck surgery. Background technique [0002] In the hip-preserving treatment of femoral neck fractures, hollow nail fixation is still the first choice, and the insertion of hollow nail guide wire is its core technology and difficult operation. Internal fixation, or minimally invasive percutaneous insertion of hollow nails, is safe, accurate, and has a reasonable spatial configuration, avoids or reduces radiation exposure, and successfully inserts hollow nail guide pins at one time. Research hotspots and unremitting pursuit. [0003] The current clinical mainstream technology is still to drill a guide pin in the proximal femur based on visual inspection and estimation, and then use the C-ar...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, accurately finding the surgical central axis of the femoral neck during surgery is the prerequisite for ideal fixation; however, due to the complex anatomical structure of the proximal femur, its shape is extremely irregular, and there are individual differences in the neck-shaft angle, anteversion angle, and anterior torsion angle, surgery is difficult. Finding this central axis—a line parallel to the three angles and located in the center of the femoral neck at the same time—is still a huge challenge.

[0005]The various guiding and positioning devices designed by scholars at home and abroad try to match the specific anatomical landmarks, neck shaft angle and anteversion angle of the proximal femur to accurately Hollow nails were placed, but due to differences in individual anatomy, insufficient understanding of the anterior torsion angle, and limitations in the accuracy of angle reference positioning, the insertion error of the hollow nail guide wire was still relatively large, which could not meet the surgical requirements and was not popularized.

In combination with the infrared navigation technology of the C-arm X-ray machine, although the accuracy of nail placement is improved, its popularization in China is limited due to the error of the navigation system, high price, excessive dependence on radiation, and long operation time. use

In addition, in clinical operations, navigation technology cannot accurately measure the distance from the center of the guide pin or the thread of the hollow screw to the cortical bone, nor can it judge whether the guide pin has reached the subchondral bone.

Use of navigation is also limited in anatomical studies

[0006] In short, the current research on the central axis of the first standard femoral neck surgery is urgent and crucial, but it lacks both ideas and technical equipment

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