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Device and method for rapidly separating and extracting micro-plastics in surface water

A technology of microplastics and surface layer, applied in measurement devices, analytical materials, sampling, etc., can solve the problems of inability to fully carry out microplastics environmental pollution investigation work, multi-manpower and material resources, and high costs, so as to reduce the probability of environmental pollution and reduce work. The effect of high volume and accuracy

Pending Publication Date: 2019-03-01
JIANGNAN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, the devices and methods used to collect microplastics in water samples have not been standardized, resulting in the inability to fully carry out environmental pollution investigations of microplastics
At present, the trawling method is generally used, which requires the use of sampling ships for large-scale trawling. This method requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and the cost is high.

Method used

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  • Device and method for rapidly separating and extracting micro-plastics in surface water
  • Device and method for rapidly separating and extracting micro-plastics in surface water
  • Device and method for rapidly separating and extracting micro-plastics in surface water

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0035] Such as figure 1 As shown, a device for quickly separating and extracting microplastics in surface water, including a floating platform 1, a lifting rod 2, a filter cartridge 3, a digestion tank 9, a waste liquid tank 12, a first filter membrane 6 and a second filter membrane 11 , wherein, the filter cartridge 3 is installed under the floating platform 1, and the water inlet and outlet of the filter cartridge 3 are respectively equipped with an inlet filter plate 7 and an outlet filter plate 8 with a pore size of 1 to 5 mm; the digestion tank 9 is installed on the floating platform 1 Above, the digestion tank 9 and the waste liquid tank 12 are connected through the drain pipe 19, and the digestion liquid partition 10 is cut off between the digestion tank 9 and the liquid drain pipe 19, and a second The filter membrane 11 and the waste liquid tank 12 are connected with a vacuum pump 13; the lifting rod 2 vertically passes through the filter cartridge 3, the floating plat...

Embodiment 2

[0040]A device for quickly separating and extracting surface water microplastics of the present invention was applied to the monitoring and research of water microplastics in a bay of Taihu Lake, and the monitoring was repeated three times at the same sampling point.

[0041] Fix the device at the sampling point, start the submersible pump 5, adjust the power of the submersible pump 5 according to the data of the flow meter 4, and stabilize the flow rate of the water body passing through the filter cartridge 3. The filtering conditions of the three monitorings are: average flow rate 5L / min, continuous filtration for 10min; average flow rate 5L / min, continuous filtration for 5min; average flow rate 10L / min, continuous filtration for 10min. Then close the submersible pump 5, untie the lifting rod fixing ring 17, promote the lifting rod 2 positions, make the first filter membrane 6 enter the digestion tank 9; pour 30% H in the digestion tank 9 from the liquid inlet 18 2 o 2 and ...

Embodiment 3

[0046] A device for rapidly separating and extracting surface water microplastics of the present invention is applied in a standard addition experiment in a laboratory to verify the accuracy of the system.

[0047] Set up a fish tank with a volume of 500L in the laboratory and add 300L of pure water without plastic. Add polyethylene microplastic standard products with particle sizes ranging from 42 to 46 μm to pure water to make the abundance of microplastics in the water body reach 20 items / L. Then the device in the present invention is fixed in the fish tank, start the submersible pump 5, adjust the power of the submersible pump 5 according to the reading of the flowmeter 4, make the water flow rate by the filter cartridge 3 stabilize at 3L / min, and continue to filter for 2h; then Close the submersible pump 5, untie the lifting rod fixing ring 17, lift the lifting rod 2 position, and make the first filter membrane 6 (cellulose acetate microporous filter membrane with a pore ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for rapidly separating and extracting micro-plastics in surface water, and belongs to the technical field of environment monitoring. The device comprises afloating platform, a lifting rod, a filter cartridge, a dissolution tank, a waste liquid tank and other main devices. The device and method for rapidly separating and extracting the micro-plastics ofthe water body on the surface layer have the advantages that under the premise that large-area trawling of a sampling boat is not needed, a large number of water samples are filtered in a sampling area, the workload during sample collection is effectively reduced, and the efficiency is improved; the device for rapidly separating and extracting the micro-plastics is integrated with a water sample filter and dissolution module, thereby being capable of achieving in-situ preliminary dissolution of a filter membrane, saving time for the subsequent dissolution step in a laboratory, and also reducing the possibility that samples are contaminated by the environment during processing, so that monitoring results are more accurate and reliable.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a device and method for rapidly separating and extracting microplastics in surface water, and belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring. Background technique [0002] Plastic products are widely used in today's society, and its annual output worldwide has exceeded 300 million tons, and is growing at a rate of 20 million tons per year. Due to a large number of production and use, plastic products will inevitably enter the water environment. After long-term physical and chemical effects, plastic waste in the water environment will be further decomposed into plastics with a particle size of less than 5mm, that is, microplastics. Microplastics are also known as "PM2.5" in the water environment, and their water environment pollution has become a global environmental research hotspot. [0003] It is estimated that the number of microplastic fragments in the ocean is 15 trillion to 51 trillion, with a total weight of...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01N1/38G01N1/40
CPCG01N1/38G01N1/40G01N2001/381G01N2001/4016Y02W30/62
Inventor 丁剑楠姜航邹华王晔黄叶菁张云朱荣
Owner JIANGNAN UNIV
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