Orchard establishment method for apple tree early fruit high-yield rootstock

Abstract

The invention discloses an orchard establishment method for an apple tree early fruit high-yield rootstock. The method comprises the steps of 1) planting and orchard establishment, wherein spring planting Xinjiang wild apple seedling orchard establishment is conducted; 2) autumn high picking, wherein in the autumn of the year after planting, good apple variety scions are selected, and woody budding is conducted at the portion, 60-70 cm away from the ground, of Xinjiang wild apple seedlings; 3) spring pruning, wherein before germination in the spring of the second year after planting, pruning is conducted at 0.5 cm above grafting buds to allow the grafting buds to germinate and sprout, the other lower germination branches are wiped out, and some branches are pulled in summer; 4) bending tubule, wherein in the third year after planting, the branches are pulled, and flower-formation is promoted; 5) high yield guarantee, wherein from the fourth year, the branch pulling and pruning are conducted in successive years to ensure the high yield. The method not only has the advantages of low cost, neat orchard appearance, small amount of pruning in the later stage, fast forming, strong tree strength, high yield, high fruit quality and the like, but also makes the fruit trees in the orchard antifreeze, drought-resistance and rot-and-disease-resistance, and the method bores fruits 2-3 yearsearlier than traditional orchard establishment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for building a rootstock for early fruit and high yield of apple trees. Background technique [0002] For a long time, most of the apple orchards have been built with finished seedlings. Not only the survival rate of the seedlings is low and the investment cost is high, but also the species of the seedlings cannot be guaranteed. As a result, most apple orchards have problems of mixed varieties, low yields, and poor returns. For this reason, high-standard apple orchards can be built by using apple seedlings planted in spring and grafted in autumn, selecting medium and short-branched apple varieties, and through comprehensive cultivation techniques such as timely topping, carving buds, and plastic film mulching. It not only ensures the purity of sapling species, but also reduces the input of nursery stock for garden construction, which is suitabl...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Since the traditional seedlings are usually grafted at 10cm above the root stock, the tree is free-spindle-shaped, and the distance between plants and rows is 3×4m or 4×5m. After planting, the full buds are selected at about 100cm to set the stem, and the tree will branch randomly after the stem. , the branches below 80cm from the main trunk are useless branches, which must be cut off year after year, causing more damage to the tree and affecting the cultivation of main branches above 80cm. , low photosynthetic efficiency, low fruit yield