Cotton trace irrigation, water and fertilizer integrated efficient cultivation method in arid desert areas

Abstract

The invention discloses a cotton trace irrigation, water and fertilizer integrated efficient cultivation method in arid desert areas. The method sequentially includes the steps of land selection, arrangement of a trace irrigation system, soil preparation, seed selection, seed processing, film mulching and sowing, field water and fertilizer regulation, disease and insect pest prevention, chemical regulation, and harvesting at proper time. The method is characterized in that the core of the technology is that cotton film mulching and sowing and underground trace irrigation, water and fertilizer integration make roots of cotton in a moisture and nutrient absorbing state all the time in the growth period; meanwhile, surface evaporation is reduced, water and fertilizer resources can be reasonably and efficiently utilized, and field management comprises irrigation, topdressing, disease and insect pest prevention and the like. By the adoption of the trace irrigation, water and fertilizer integrated efficient cultivation method, water and fertilizer management is carried out on underground root layers, surface evaporation is reduced, the nutrient loss is reduced, and the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is greatly improved; compared with the prior art, the water utilization rate can be increased by 30-40%, the ecological environment is protected, the cotton yield is effectively increased, and the effects of high yield and high efficiency are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a crop cultivation method, in particular to a high-efficiency cultivation method for cotton trace irrigation, water and fertilizer integration in arid desert areas, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. Background technique [0002] Cotton is one of the most important fiber crops in the world. As a strategic material, it plays a pivotal role in the national economy. my country is the largest raw cotton producer as well as the largest consumer. The domestic demand for cotton is more than 10 million tons, and the self-sufficiency rate is only about 70%, and the contradiction between supply and demand is becoming increasingly prominent. In addition, due to factors such as the reduction of arable land, food security, and the price ratio of grain and cotton, it is impossible for my country's cotton area to increase significantly. The most serious problem is that domestic cotton production has caused the cotton are...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Due to its unique technical advantages, trace irrigation has a wide range of application prospects, especially for intensive farming and dry farming in areas with arid and harsh climates. However, trace irrigation technology has only been used in facility agriculture and fruit and vegetable greenhouses so far. However, it has not been used in field cotton planting in the arid desert area of ​​Northwest China. Therefore, it is imperative to explore a complete set of cultivation methods suitable for trace irrigation, water and fertilizer integration and high-efficiency cotton planting in this area.

Images