Reshaping trimming method for high photosynthetic efficiency open-center system of fruit bearing of long-axial branch of three main branches of apple trees

Abstract

The invention provides a reshaping trimming method for a high photosynthetic efficiency open-center system of fruit bearing of a long-axial branch of three main branches of apple trees and belongs to the technical field of apple tree form trimming. According to the reshaping trimming method, the technical advantages that illumination for tree-crowns and leaf curtains is reasonable, the fruit quality is good and the economic life of an orchard is greatly prolonged are achieved. The technical scheme comprises the following steps that (1), apple trees are fixedly planted in the area with the density being 60-80 strains every 666.7 square meters; (2), for an apple orchard with the tree age being 1-5 years old, a tree form of a delayed-open central leader system or a sparse canopy shape is adopted for reshaping trimming, and 12-15 skeleton branches are retained for a whole tree; (3), when the tree age is 6-10 years old, first tree truck heightening and center opening are conducted, 6-8 main branches are retained for the whole tree when the tree age is ten years old, and the length of a bearing branch group is 50-80 cm; (4), when the tree age is 11-25 years old, second tree truck heightening and center opening are conducted, 3 main branches are retained for the whole tree when the tree age is 25 years old, and the length of the bearing branch group is 80-150 cm; and (5), when the tree age is equal to or more than 25 years old, the number of the perpetual main branches of the whole tree keeps three, and the length of a long axial bearing branch is equal to or more than 150 cm.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention provides a method for shaping and pruning apple trees with three main branches and long axis branches with high light efficiency and happy tree shape, belonging to the technical field of apple tree shape pruning. Background technique [0002] The arboriculture area of ​​apples in my country accounts for more than 85% of the total area of ​​apples in the country, and its tree shapes are mostly small crowns and sparse layers, scattered layers, and free spindles. The above-mentioned tree-shaping and pruning orchards have relatively high yields at the initial fruiting stage, but the canopy closure and orchard closure problems generally occur after entering the full fruit period, which leads to the decline of fruit tree quality and economic benefits, so tree shape transformation is required. Summary of the invention [0003] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved is to provide a happ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The above-mentioned orchards with tree shaping and pruning have a higher yield at the initial fruiting stage, but the canopy closure and orchard canopy closure problems generally occur after entering the full fruit stage, resulting in a decline in fruit tree quality and economic benefits, so tree shape transformation is required