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A kind of diatomite composite material and preparation method thereof

A technology of composite materials and diatomite, which is applied in the field of building materials, can solve the problems of large thermal conductivity of thermal insulation materials, high water absorption rate of thermal insulation materials, and restrictions on the application of diatomite, so as to reduce thermal conductivity, solve high water absorption rate and high strength. Improved effect

Active Publication Date: 2019-04-30
JILIN JIANZHU UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, diatomite has a large pore size and most of them are open-pore structures. The thermal conductivity of diatomite insulation materials prepared with it is large, and the surface of diatomite contains silicon hydroxyl groups that are very easy to absorb water, which makes the water absorption of diatomite insulation materials Higher, it is easy to cause the wall to crack, which limits the application of diatomite in the field of external insulation

Method used

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  • A kind of diatomite composite material and preparation method thereof
  • A kind of diatomite composite material and preparation method thereof
  • A kind of diatomite composite material and preparation method thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0037] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned diatomite composite material, comprising: S1) mixing the silicic acid solution with the diatomite, ultrasonically dispersing, adding ammonia water, and polycondensing to obtain the mixture; S2) mixing the After the mixture is gelled, aged, solvent exchanged, surface modified and dried, the diatomite composite material is obtained.

[0038] The present invention has no special limitation on the sources of all raw materials, which can be commercially available or self-made.

[0039] Wherein, the silicic acid solution is preferably prepared according to the following steps: after diluting water glass with water, ion-exchanging with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin to obtain a silicic acid solution.

[0040] Preferably in the present invention water glass is diluted with distilled water; The volume ratio of described water glass and distilled water needn't be fixed, and in the present inve...

Embodiment 1

[0054] 1.1 Diatomite is made of diatomite mined from diatomite ore. It has been dried, pulverized, separated and activated before use; the pore size distribution is 200-800nm, the porosity is 85%, and the particle size is 300 mesh. Specific surface area 55m 2 / g.

[0055] 1.2 Take 400mL of water glass, dilute it with 1200mL of distilled water, ion-exchange with strong acid styrene cation exchange resin to obtain silicic acid, add diatomaceous earth in proportion (the volume ratio of diatomite to silicic acid is 2:1), and disperse by ultrasonic.

[0056] 1.3 Add 1 mol / L ammonia water to the mixture obtained in 1.2 to adjust the pH value, catalyze the polycondensation reaction, stir for 3 minutes to make the pH value 4.8, pour it into a polypropylene container and let it stand for 40 minutes to gel, and gel the gelled water gel at room temperature in 50% ethanol / H 2 O solution for 24 hours.

[0057] 1.4 Solvent exchange / surface modifier: At 50°C, modify the aged hydrogel with...

Embodiment 2

[0062] 2.1 Diatomaceous earth is selected from diatomite mines of secondary and tertiary diatomite, which is dried, crushed, separated and activated before use; the pore size distribution is 200-800nm, the porosity is 85%, and the particle size is 300 mesh. Specific surface area 55m 2 / g.

[0063] 2.2 Take 400mL of water glass, dilute with 1600mL of distilled water, ion-exchange with strong acid styrene cation exchange resin to obtain silicic acid, add diatomaceous earth in proportion (the volume ratio of diatomite to silicic acid is 1:5), and disperse by ultrasonic.

[0064] 2.3 Add 1mol / L ammonia water to the above mixture to adjust the pH value, catalyze the polycondensation reaction, stir for 3 minutes to make the pH value 5.2, pour it into a polypropylene container and let it stand for gelation for 30 minutes, and then gel the gelled diatomaceous earth gel at room temperature in 50% ethanol / H 2 O solution for 24 hours.

[0065] 2.4 Solvent exchange / surface modifier: In...

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a kieselguhr composite. The method comprises the steps that a silica acid solution and kieselguhr are mixed, after ultrasonic dispersion is performed, ammonium hydroxide is added, and a mixture is obtained after a condensation polymerization; 2, the mixture is subjected to gelatinization, aging, solvent exchange and surface modification and drying, and the kieselguhr composite is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the kieselguhr with the high mechanical strength is used as a skeleton supported silicon dioxide aerogel matrix, kieselguhr gaps are filled up or covered with nanometer aerogel, the aerogel is converted into gel on the surface of kieselguhr or kieselguhr gaps by being composited with the porous kieselguhr with the high strength, and under the protection of the kieselguhr skeleton, the strength of the silicon dioxide aerogel is remarkably improved; meanwhile, the porous nanometer silicon dioxide aerogel modified kieselguhr is used, an original opening pore structure of the kieselguhr is changed into the closed pore structure, and the defects that the kieselguhr is large in water absorptivity and high in heat conducting coefficient are overcome.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and in particular relates to a diatomite composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] At present, my country's building insulation market urgently needs a high-efficiency fireproof insulation material that can not only meet the ever-growing building energy-saving standards, but also ensure that the combustion performance is A-level. [0003] The main component of diatomite is amorphous silica, and there are a large number of submicron pores on the surface, the porosity is as high as 85% to 90%, and the bulk density is 0.3 to 0.5g / cm 3 , is a Class A non-combustible material, and its application in the field of building insulation has attracted much attention. However, diatomite has a large pore size and most of them are open-pore structures. The thermal conductivity of diatomite insulation materials prepared with it is large, and the surface of di...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B30/00C04B38/08C04B14/06C04B14/08
CPCC04B30/00C04B2201/20C04B2201/32C04B14/064C04B14/08C04B24/42C04B38/0054C04B38/0074C04B38/0067
Inventor 王立艳盖广清
Owner JILIN JIANZHU UNIVERSITY
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