Three-dimensional seismic advanced detection device and method for rock-breaking seismic source of tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel boring machine rock breaking seismic source three-dimensional seismic advanced detection device and method. The device comprises a seismic source sensor array, a receiving sensor and a supporting device thereof, a noise sensor, and a multichannel seismic wave data collecting instrument, wherein the multichannel seismic wave data collecting instrument is connected with the seismic source sensor array, the receiving sensor and the noise sensor and receives seismic wave signals and noise signals of a noise source. Aiming at the special situation of the construction tunnel of a tunnel boring machine, the device adopts a seismic source signal blind source separation method based on an independent component analysis theory, a seismic source signal reconstruction method and a method for performing powerful interference signal degeneration on receiving sensor signals to finally obtain geological conditions in front of a working surface of the tunnel boring machine and the surrounding rock mass of a tunnel and corresponding mechanical parameters, can realize the advanced prediction of geological anomalous bodies, can further be used for evaluating the quality of surrounding rocks of a region to be excavated, and provides reference for the optimization of tunnel boring machine operating parameters and guarantee of construction safety.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional seismic advanced detection device and method for a rock-breaking seismic source of a tunnel boring machine. Background technique [0002] Tunnel construction usually adopts full-face tunnel boring machine construction and drill-and-blast method. Compared with the traditional drill-and-blast method, tunnel boring machine construction has significant advantages such as high degree of mechanization and fast construction speed, and has been used more and more in actual projects. application. However, tunnel boring machines have poor adaptability to changes in geological conditions. When encountering unfavorable geological sections, geological disasters such as water and mud inrush and landslides often occur, which can easily lead to major accidents such as machine jams and even machine crashes. In order to avoid geological disasters and safety accidents during tunnel boring machine construction, the mos...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] To sum up, due to its advantages in characterization and positioning of geological bodies, coupled with the long detection distance, the seismic wave method is an indispensable method for advanced geological detection of tunnels constructed by roadheaders. Further considering the construction characteristics of tunnel boring machines, the use of broken It is a good idea to use rock vibration as a seismic source for advanced geological detection. However, the existing tunnel boring machine rock-breaking seismic source advanced geological detection method still has the following problems: ① The spatial arrangement of the receiving sensors is simple, and no effective three-dimensional space is used. Observation methods, and the lack of a rapid installation device and method for geophones that are closely integrated with the excavation process of the roadheader; ② There is no special noise removal for the source signal and the received signal, which makes the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic records low and affects detection Accuracy; ③Different from the single-head rock-breaking method of cantilever roadheaders used in oil drilling and coal mines, tunnel boring machines have a large cutterhead area and a large number of rock-breaking hobs, and the rock-breaking vibration difference between different hobs The current method only uses a single source sensor, and it is difficult to obtain accurate and comprehensive rock-breaking vibration characteristics

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