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Pd@PtNi/C metal nano-catalyst, and preparation method and use thereof

A metal nano-catalyst technology, applied in metal/metal oxide/metal hydroxide catalysts, physical/chemical process catalysts, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of high reaction cost, unfavorable large-scale preparation, etc. Simple procedure, mild conditions and short operating time

Active Publication Date: 2015-02-25
UNIV OF SCI & TECH OF CHINA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, the use of organic solvents and additives and high temperature (230 °C) reaction conditions make the reaction cost high, which is not conducive to large-scale preparation
So far, no literature has reported the rapid preparation of PdPtNi nanocrystals with uniform morphology and size, an ultrathin alloy shell and an octahedral core-shell structure with {111} crystal planes on the surface under mild aqueous conditions. method

Method used

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  • Pd@PtNi/C metal nano-catalyst, and preparation method and use thereof
  • Pd@PtNi/C metal nano-catalyst, and preparation method and use thereof
  • Pd@PtNi/C metal nano-catalyst, and preparation method and use thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0025] Prepare a solution of octahedral-shaped Pd nanocrystals with an average size of 26 nm and a concentration of 0.3 mg / mL:

[0026]Step 1: Add 105mg of PVP, 60mg of ascorbic acid, 300mg of potassium bromide and 8mL of deionized water to a 20mL glass reaction bottle in turn at room temperature, and magnetically stir the mixed solution at 80°C for 10 minutes. Subsequently, 3 ml of sodium tetrachloropalladate aqueous solution containing 57 mg of sodium tetrachloropalladate was added, and after heating at 80° C. for 3 hours, the following figure 1 a, Solution of cubic Pd nanocrystals with an average size of 11 nm. The solution of cubic Pd nanocrystals was centrifuged and washed with deionized water to obtain 11 mg of cubic Pd nanocrystals, which were redispersed in 11 mL of deionized water to obtain a solution of cubic Pd nanocrystals with a concentration of 1 mg / mL;

[0027] The second step: at room temperature, add to the glass reaction bottle of 20mL successively: 105mg of...

Embodiment 2

[0029] Preparation of PdPtNi nanocrystals with an octahedral core-shell structure with an average size of 28 nm:

[0030] At room temperature, add 105mg of PVP, 328mg of citric acid monohydrate and 6mL of deionized water to a 20mL glass reaction bottle in turn, dissolve them, and then add octahedral Pd nanocrystals with a concentration of 0.3mg / mL 1 mL of the solution and 0.5 mL of hydrazine hydrate with a mass fraction of 85%, and the mixed solution was magnetically stirred at 65° C. for 5 minutes. Then, slowly inject 1.5 mL of 19.8 mg K into the glass reaction vial 2 PtCl 4 and 1.1mg NiCl 2 ·6H 2 Mixed aqueous solution of O, after continuing magnetic stirring at 65°C for 15 minutes, the product was obtained, as figure 2 It can be seen from the figure that the obtained product has uniform size and good dispersion. The side length of a single particle is 28 nm. The distribution of elements in its entire area can be given by image 3 It is known that Pt and Ni elements ...

Embodiment 3

[0032] Preparation of PdPtNi / C metal nanocatalysts for cathode oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells:

[0033] The concentration of platinum in the PdPtNi nanocrystal solution with an octahedral core-shell structure prepared in Example 2 was measured to be 7.5 μg / mL. In order to make the mass fraction of platinum in the final product 20%, 0.78 mL of 0.34 mg was added thereto. The ethanol solution of the carbon black of / mL, after ultrasonic 3 hours and stir 12 hours, centrifuge under 45000rpm, and continue to wash 5 times with deionized water under the same rotating speed, dry, the obtained product is as follows Figure 4 Shown in, namely PdPtNi / C metal nanocatalyst.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a Pd@PtNi nano-crystal with an octahedral core-shell structure, and a preparation method thereof for the first time. The preparation method of the crystal comprises the following steps: adding an octahedral Pd nanocrystal and hydrazine hydrate to an aqueous solution of PVP and citric acid monohydrate, injecting the obtained solution to a K2PtCl4 and NiCl2.6H2O mixed aqueous solution, heating, and stirring to obtain the Pd@PtNi nano-crystal with an octahedral core-shell structure. The invention also discloses a Pd@PtNi / C metal nano-catalyst, and a preparation method and a use thereof. The preparation method of the Pd@PtNi / C metal nano-catalyst comprises the following steps: injecting carbon black into the Pd@PtNi nanocrystal, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, washing, and drying to obtain the nano-catalyst. The nano-catalyst can be used in the fuel cell cathode oxygen reduction reaction process. The preparation method of the Pd@PtNi nanocrystal has mild and fast reaction, and the obtained Pd@PtNi nanocrystal has the advantages of uniform dimension, good dispersibility, enhancement of the utilization rate of Pt atoms, and enhancement of the catalytic activity on the fuel cell cathode oxygen reduction reaction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical fields related to the synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles, energy and catalysis, and in particular to a method for preparing PdPtNi nanocrystals with an octahedral core-shell structure and a PdPtNi / C metal nanocatalyst prepared therefrom. Background technique [0002] Due to its excellent catalytic selectivity and reactivity, noble metal Pt nanoparticles have been widely used in petroleum cracking, CO catalytic oxidation, fuel cell reaction and other fields, and have gradually become a hot spot in the research of the catalytic industry. Especially in the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology, it has excellent electrocatalytic activity for fuel cell cathode oxygen reduction reaction. However, platinum is scarce and expensive, which greatly limits its large-scale application in fuel cells. Therefore, the regulation of platinum nanostructures and the development of platinum-based alloys are of gr...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J23/89B82Y30/00B82Y40/00H01M4/92
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 赵旭张卓群陈胜曾杰
Owner UNIV OF SCI & TECH OF CHINA
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