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Rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties

A high-quality and fast technology, applied in the fields of botany equipment and methods, horticulture, application, etc., can solve the problems of high production cost, poor quality, low output, etc., to speed up the pace, overcome the high production cost, and improve social and economic benefits. Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-01-22
河南恒盈懿丰农牧有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the past, most walnuts were produced by seed propagation, and some fruits could only be produced after 10 years of planting, and the yield was low and the quality was poor, which affected people's enthusiasm for developing walnuts
In the 1990s, through the efforts of many scientific researchers, although there were major achievements in the grafting and propagation of walnuts, it still took 2-3 years to propagate a grafted seedling, resulting in high production costs and delaying the development of improved walnut varieties. pace, not conducive to the development of walnut planting industrialization

Method used

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  • Rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0020] The rapid breeding method of improved walnut varieties of the present invention comprises the cultivation of rootstocks, the cultivation of improved varieties of scions, the process of grafting and field management after grafting, wherein the process of rootstock cultivation comprises: deep plowing of the land in the winter of the first year, application of basal fertilizers, and thawing in the spring of the following year for furrowing , sow, and cultivate the walnut tree seedlings; it is different from the existing traditional grafting method: 1) the cultivation of good-bred scion: when the new shoot of the good-bred mother tree or the picking garden grows to 30-40cm, 3-4 buds are left for topping , Remove the thin buds at the base of the branches in time after topping and germination, and take measures to prevent the occurrence of a large number of pests and diseases; 2) Graft when the thickness of the walnut tree seedlings is about 20cm from the ground and reaches mor...

Embodiment 2

[0022] The rapid breeding method of improved walnut varieties of the present embodiment differs from Example 1 in that it further discloses the specific steps for grafting and adopting large block bud grafting:

[0023] 1) The interface is 18-22cm away from the ground, and after the connection, two compound leaves are left above the incision for the first anvil cutting;

[0024] 2) Cut the anvil for the second time when the buds germinate 5-10cm, this time the anvil cut is 2-3cm away from the top of the splice;

[0025] 3) Loosen the buds when they grow to 10-20cm, and intertill, weed, topdress, shade and prevent pests and diseases in time.

Embodiment 3

[0027] The rapid breeding method of the improved walnut variety of this embodiment, combined with reality, more specifically illustrates the realization process of the technical solution of the present invention:

[0028] 1. Select a test site with good irrigation and drainage conditions. The soil of the test site is cinnamon soil with a pH value of 7.2, the annual sunshine hours are 1988, the precipitation is 980mm, the frost-free period is 210 days, the annual average temperature is 13.2°C, and the area is 200㎡.

[0029] 2. Rootstock cultivation

[0030] 1. Soil preparation and sowing: deep plowing of 20-30cm in the winter of the first year, combined with deep plowing per mu, apply 100 loads of human excrement (a total of 30 loads in this test site).

[0031] After the thaw in the spring of the following year, make a furrow. The width of the furrow is 2 meters, the length is 15 meters, and the height of the furrow is 20 cm. Keep the furrow surface level and the soil finely...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a walnut tree breeding method and provides a rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties. The method comprises the processes of rootstock breeding, improved-variety scion breeding, grafting and field management after grafting. The rootstock breeding process includes that soil deep ploughing is carried out in winter in the current year, bedding and seeding are carried out after unfreezing in spring in the next year, and a walnut tree seedling is cultivated. Compared with a traditional grafting method, the rapid breeding method is characterized in that 1) when improved-variety seed trees or cutting orchard young sprouts grow to 30-40cm, 3-4 buds are reserved, pinching is carried out, and thin and weak buds on base portions of branches are removed in time after pinching and sprouting; 2) the grafting is carried out when the thickness of the walnut tree seedling 20cm away from the ground reaches more than 0.7cm. According to the rapid breeding method for the walnut improved varieties, new breakthroughs of current-year seeding, current-year grafting and current-year transplantation of walnut breeding are achieved, transplantation and garden building are higher than common grafting and breeding than 1-2 years, the problem of overhigh production cost of walnut tree planting is resolved, the step of walnut variety improving can be quickened, economic benefits are produced as soon as possible, and industrialized development of walnut planting is facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for cultivating walnut trees, in particular to a method for rapid propagation of improved walnut varieties. Background technique [0002] Walnut is the king of high-grade edible woody oil in the world. It is rich in nutrition, and its food can strengthen brain and intelligence, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, moisten dryness and reduce phlegm, moisturize skin and beautify, and prolong life. With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand of the society is expanding day by day. In the past, most walnuts were produced by seed propagation, and some fruits could only be produced after 10 years of planting, and the yield was low and the quality was poor, which affected people's enthusiasm for developing walnuts. In the 1990s, through the efforts of many scientific researchers, although there were major achievements in the grafting and propagation of walnuts, it still took 2-3 years to propa...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G1/06A01G1/00
Inventor 朱金山霍毛喜
Owner 河南恒盈懿丰农牧有限公司
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