Efficient segmentation control combustion method and system for biomass boiler with charcoal combustion cell

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient segmentation control combustion method and system for a biomass boiler with a charcoal combustion cell, and belongs to the technical field of the fire grate combustion of a biomass direct-combustion power generation boiler. A water cooling vibration fire grate is arranged on the bottom of a hearth; a smoke and air mixing box and a plurality of primary air bellows are arranged below the water cooling vibration fire grate; the charcoal combustion cell is arranged below the front end of the water cooling vibration fire grate; the bottom of the charcoal combustion cell is provided with a fixed fire grate; and the front end of the charcoal combustion cell is provided with a slag well. The external moisture of biomass fuel is removed in the drying area of the water cooling vibration fire grate; then, the biomass fuel is moved to the pyrolysis combustion area of the fire grate to generate a great quantity of volatile component to enter the hearth; when the volatile component of the biomass fuel is almost burnt, residual fixed carbon covered by ash is vibrated into the charcoal combustion cell; in the falling process, the residual fixed carbon covered by ash is overturned and collided to remove surface ash; oxygen is directly diffused to the surface of the charcoal to react with the charcoal; and the ash slag is blown into the slag well. According to the invention, the biomass fuels of different types and moistures can be subjected to efficient segmentation control combustion on the fire grate of the boiler.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire grate combustion for biomass direct-fired power generation boilers, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency segmental control combustion method and system for a biomass boiler with a charcoal combustion pool. Background technique [0002] The development and utilization of biomass energy is an important means to promote sustainable economic development and achieve a win-win situation of social progress and ecological protection. Biomass direct combustion power generation has been deeply developed as a key direction of biomass energy development, and biomass power plants are being vigorously built in suitable places all over the country. Biomass direct combustion power generation uses a specially designed biomass boiler to burn biomass fuels such as straw to generate heat and steam, and then uses steam to drive a turbine power generation system to generate electricity. With its unique advantag...

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Problems solved by technology

However, these processes have different physical and chemical characteristics, and traditional methods cannot provide the best air distribution and grate vibration time and frequency according to the different characteristics of different combustion process stages.

In the actual operation process, in order to ensure the power generation load, the operators often lose sight of one another, resulting in a large amount of fixed carbon being discharged into the slag well without being fully burned.

At this time, the volatile matter entering the furnace is carried to the back of the furnace due to the large proportion of the primary air, and the residence time of the volatile matter is too short, which results in a huge waste.

Due to the above reasons, the rated biomass fuel cannot fully release enough heat in the furnace. In order to make the boiler reach the rated output, the boiler operator puts more fuel and primary air into the furnace, which further deteriorates the furnace. The internal combustion conditions caused more fuel to be discharged into the slag extractor without being fully burned, forming a vicious circle

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