Beta-aminopropionitrile consecutive reaction process

Abstract

The invention discloses a beta-aminopropionitrile consecutive reaction process, which comprises the following steps: mixing ammonia water and a phase-transfer catalyst, reacting the ammonia water and acrylonitrile according to certain proportion under certain temperature condition, then performing ammonia removal under reduced pressure, dehydrating and removing a solvent, and then distilling to obtain the beta-aminopropionitrile. The invention employs the consecutive reaction technology, the usage of the special phase-transfer catalyst enables strong reaction selectivity, the side reaction is inhibited, and the ammonification reaction yield is substantially enhanced, simultaneously, the reaction pressure is greatly reduced, and the reaction can be completed below 1.0 MPa, thereby the safety coefficient of the reaction can be substantially increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a synthesis method of an organic compound, in particular to a continuous reaction process of an organic chemical intermediate β-aminopropionitrile. Background technique [0002] Nitrile compounds are a class of chemical substances (R-CN) containing cyano functional groups, and are important synthetic raw materials. Starting from nitrile compounds, a class of compounds with higher value and wider application range such as amides, amino acids, and carboxylic acids can be obtained. They can be used as chemical raw materials, pharmaceutical intermediates, and vitamin precursors. [0003] β-aminopropionitrile is an important organic chemical intermediate, which can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of alanine and pantothenic acid. It can be used to prepare 1,3-diaminopropane through hydrogenation reduction. Its most important use is to react with phosgene Preparation of isocyanates, which in turn react with p-nitroaniline...

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Problems solved by technology

[0011] Above (2) (3) (4) three all adopt typical batch tank reactor to carry out, and some bibliographical reports thereafter also mainly adopt this method, and its major shortcoming is exactly the selectivity of β-aminopropionitrile Low, usually below 50%, the content of by-products is quite high, and the reaction pressure is high, there are certain potential safety hazards

[0012] In the traditional batch reaction, acrylonitrile and liquid ammonia are stirred in the kettle at the same time. In the early stage of the reaction, the content of ammonia is relatively high, and the product β-aminopropionitrile is very little, so the main reaction mainly occurs. , the content of β-aminopropionitrile increases, because the basicity of the amino group of β-aminopropionitrile is stronger than that of ammonia molecules, Michael addition occurs preferentially with acrylonitrile, and by-products are produced, resulting in the selectivity of the main product β-aminopropionitrile decline

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