Efficient water-saving cultivation method for rice in cold areas

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient water-saving cultivation method for rice in cold areas. The efficient water-saving cultivation method is characterized by comprising adopting an intermittent circulating alternate irrigation method at different growth periods of the rice, performing irrigation to a water-layer upper limit, then performing natural soil drying; during the period, if the rainfall is stored to the rain-storing upper limit and the lower limit of the soil water content of each growth periods is reached, repeatedly irrigating to the irrigation water-layer upper limit, performing circulating alternation, and performing corresponding fertilization, insecticide spraying and weeding to be matched with each growth period until harvest. The efficient water-saving cultivation method is extremely remarkable in water-saving yield-increasing effects. According to test statistics, the average net quota for conventional shallow irrigation per 2000 / 3 m2 is about 390 m3, the water-saving irrigation amount per 2000 / 3 m2 is 240 m3, the water-saving amplitude is 38%, the yield is increased by 25kg per 2000 / 3 m2, the yield increase amplitude is 5%, the cost is reduced by 100 RMB per 2000 / 3 m2, and moisture production efficiency and irrigation water utilization efficiency are respectively improved by 44% and 87% in comparison with conventional irrigation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency water-saving cultivation method for rice in cold regions during the whole growth period. Background technique [0002] Rice production was originally concentrated in the south, but since the 1990s, rice production in the north has increased significantly. Among them, Heilongjiang Province had only 283,000 hectares of rice in 1980, which soared to 3,345,000 hectares in 2011, an increase of nearly 12 times in more than 30 years. The output of rice has also increased from 3.4 billion catties in 1980 to nearly 50 billion catties in 2011, and the commodity volume has reached more than 80%. [0003] The resource, engineering, and water quality shortages of water resources restrict the further development of rice area, and are the biggest bottleneck of rice development in cold regions. Taking Heilongjiang in Northeast China as an example, in 2011, Hei...

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the low effective accumulated temperature and short frost-free period in cold regions, the soil physical and chemical properties are very different from those in southern rice regions, so the lower limit threshold of water regulation is generally higher than that in southern regions. Corresponding supporting production measures such as soil cracks, irrigation times and irrigation quotas, rice growth period conversion, fertilization, and pesticide application, the above irrigation technologies are difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale popularization and application in cold rice areas with vast territories, great differences in climate and soil quality

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