Method for hydrotreating heavy hydrocarbon

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for hydrotreating heavy hydrocarbon. A hydrotreatment process comprises a pre-hydrogenation reaction zone, an up-flow hydrogenation reaction zone and a fixed bed-trickle bed reaction zone. The method comprise the following steps that: catalytic cracking slurry oil and / or catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil pass / passes through the pre-hydrogenation reaction zone; the pre-hydrogenation reaction zone adopts a fixed bed-trickle bed operation mode; both the reaction effluent of the pre-hydrogenation reaction zone and a residual oil raw material are jointly introduced into the up-flow hydrogenation reaction zone and the fixed bed-trickle bed reaction zone in turn; and the final reaction effluent is separated. The method of directly taking the catalytic cracking residual oil, the catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil and the like as fluxing oil of the residual oil raw material is changed, and the catalytic cracking residual oil and the catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil are pretreated to retard the coking of a catalyst and effectively prevent the generation of a bed layer hot point, so that stable operation of an up-flow reactor is guaranteed, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, simultaneously the product quality is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to hydrocarbon hydrogenation treatment technology, in particular, relates to a process of joint hydrogenation treatment of different heavy hydrocarbon raw materials. Background technique [0002] As crude oil becomes heavier and worse, more and more heavy and residual oils need to be processed. The processing of heavy and residual oil is not only to crack it into low-boiling products, such as naphtha, middle distillate and vacuum gas oil, but also to increase their hydrogen-carbon ratio, which requires decarbonization or Hydrogenation method to achieve. The decarbonization process includes coking, solvent deasphalting, heavy oil catalytic cracking, etc.; hydrogenation includes hydrocracking, hydrofining, etc. The hydrogenation method can not only hydrogenate the residual oil, improve the yield of liquid products, but also remove heteroatoms, and the product quality is good. However, the hydrogenation method is a catalyt...

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Problems solved by technology

[0008] The above process only considers the conversion of oil slurry and heavy cycle oil into light oil products, and the lightness of residue oil that can be treated by the residual oil hydrotreating unit can be improved by using catalytic cracking cycle oil to increase the yield of light oil. Profit, without considering the impact on the residue hydrogenation reaction environment, especially the impact of the pre-reactor demetallization catalyst

[0009] In the above methods, whether it is oil slurry clarified oil, oil slurry distillate, or catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil and residual oil, if they are directly fed into the upflow reactor, in practice, the first reaction of the residual oil hydrogenation unit will occur. Especially for upflow reactors, the above problems are more prominent, often causing abnormal early shutdown of the entire residual oil hydrogenation unit

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