Pour point depressant for crude oil

Abstract

The invention discloses a pour point depressant for crude oil. The depressant is prepared from methylnaphthalene, wherein the methylnaphthalene is 1-methylnaphthalene, any one in mixed methylnaphthalene or a mixture of 1-methylnaphthalene and mixed methylnaphthalene in any ratio; or the methylnaphthalene is a mixture prepared from 2-methylnaphthalene dissolved in 1-methylnaphthalene or mixed methylnaphthalene at normal temperature and pressure or a mixture prepared from 2-methylnaphthalene dissolved in a mixed solution of 1-methylnaphthalene and mixed methylnaphthalene in any ratio under normal temperature and pressure, and the maximum content of the 2-methylnaphthalene in the mixture is not more than the saturation concentration of the 2-methylnaphthalene in the solution at normal temperature and pressure. The invention can greatly decrease the pour point of crude oil in different oil fields, can be widely used for solving the problem of depressing the pour point of crude oil in various phases of oil recovery, gathering and storage and transportation in different oil fields, can lower the cost for depressing the pour point of crude oil, and has the advantages of less toxic and side effects, high safety, simple production, low cost, strong applicability, easy popularization and application and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of crude oil chemical pour point depressant, in particular to a crude oil pour point depressant. Background technique [0002] China University of Petroleum Press, July 2000, the first edition of the first printing of "Oilfield Chemistry", page 252, 2-4 lines once stated: "In order to improve the flow of crude oil in long-distance pipelines, the reduction of the freezing point of crude oil ( Point depressing) and crude oil pipeline transportation resistance reduction (drag reduction) are two important issues in crude oil gathering and transportation. When solving these problems, chemical methods are still effective methods”; the penultimate page 255 of the "Oilfield Chemistry" Line 4-11 once stated: "Chemical pour point depressant refers to the method of adding pour point depressant to crude oil. The chemical agent that can lower the pour point of crude oil is called crude oil pour point depressant. There are mainly t...

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Problems solved by technology

"Therefore, the "surfactant-type crude oil pour point depressant" is restricted by the surface activity mechanism, and there is a limit defect: when the crude oil pour point depressant is fully adsorbed (saturated) on the wax crystal surface, it reaches the "critical micelle concentration", Continuing to increase the "surfactant-type crude oil point depressant" cannot further improve its point point depressing ability and effect, so it is difficult to further improve its point point depressing effect by increasing the concentration, and there is a maximum value in its point point depressing ability and effect

[0007] 4) Due to the above-mentioned defects of "surfactant-type crude oil point depressant", the ability of "surfactant-type crude oil point depressant" to reduce the freezing point of crude oil is limited, and cannot meet the higher requirements of point depressant

[0018] 1) This type of crude oil point depressant is a polymer, which needs to be completed through complex organic reactions. Therefore, public information and market prices show that the manufacturing cost and market price of this type of crude oil point depressant are relatively high; Coagulation cost is higher

[0019] 2) "Oilfield Chemistry" page 259 penultimate 6-8 lines of "Oilfield Chemistry" printed for the first time by China University of Petroleum Press in July 2000, the first edition, "due to the non-polarity in the polymer type crude oil pour point depressant The effect of the pour point depressant is the best when the average carbon number of the part is similar to that of the wax. Therefore, in the pour point depressant of waxy crude oil, in addition to choosing different polymers, the average carbon number of the non-polar part in the polymer should also be optimized. It can be seen that this type of crude oil point depressant has a major mechanism of action (eutectic mechanism) defect: the carbon number of the non-polar part of this type of point point depressant needs to be similar to the average carbon number of wax molecules in crude oil to effectively exert the pour point depressant effect , that is, this type of pour point depressant has strong selectivity and pertinence (or singleness) to the average carbon number of wax molecules in crude oil; since crude oil is a very complex natural organic substance, the composition of domestic crude oil is affected by regions, Affected by complex factors such as origin, the average carbon number of wax molecules in crude oil from different oil fields and blocks varies greatly, and even the composition of crude oil from different oil wells in the same block is different; Most of the pour point depressants developed and produced are effective in depressing crude oil in this oilfield or in this block, but may have very poor or even ineffective effect in depressing crude oil in other oilfields or blocks; therefore, until now, there is no public information showing that A specific product of this type of pour point depressant can be generally applicable to the needs of domestic crude oil in different oil fields and blocks; , not only consume huge manpower and material resources, but also lead to a wide variety of commodities, making it difficult to apply each commodity on a large scale; The workload is huge, and it may not be possible to find the required effective products from the existing products of this type of pour point depressant; It is difficult to formulate an effective compound by using synergistic effects, and the workload of its preparation and screening is also extremely heavy due to the huge difference in the composition of various crude oils

[0028] 5) Public information shows that: single-ring aromatic hydrocarbon molecules contain only one benzene ring, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc., all of which are toxic; heavy benzene is a homologous mixture of benzene, so it is also called mixed benzene, which has anesthetic properties. It is easy to spread when exposed to the air. People and animals inhale or skin contact a large amount of heavy benzene into the body, which will cause acute and chronic benzene poisoning, damage the nervous system, and long-term exposure can cause a variety of diseases; and this The invention uses the "liquid petroleum products with aromatics content exceeding 5%", "mixed heavy benzene", "heavy aromatics fuel oil" and other commodities containing a large amount of single-ring aromatics as the "high-efficiency pour point depressant" to effectively Components, resulting in the high toxicity of the "high-efficiency pour point depressant", which will seriously damage the health of operators

[0030] In short, most of the current pour point depressants have certain defects

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